Determinants of Male Dominance and Reproductive Success in Wild Primates

野生灵长类动物雄性优势和繁殖成功的决定因素

• 批准号: 9817588
• 负责人: Anne Pusey
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817588&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Determinants; Male; Dominance; Reproductive; Success

Animal Behavior ProgramNontechnical AbstractProposal #: 9817588PI: Pusey, AnneTitle: Determinants of male dominance and reproductive success in wild primatesMale chimpanzees and baboons compete for dominance rank and for access to receptive females. The ultimate goal of the project is to determine how male reproductive success is influenced by such physical traits as body size, canine length and morphological symmetry and by such behavioral strategies as social dominance, alliance formation, paternal care and the cultivation of long-term relationships with females. Dr. Pusey's research will be carried out on the chimpanzees and baboons of Gombe National Park on populations that have been studied for nearly 40 years. This is an extraordinary database upon which to anchor interpretations of the results from this project. The immediate goal is to perfect techniques for paternity exclusions by extracting DNA from fecal samples and hair. Samples will be collected as part of the long-term studies at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Various extraction techniques will be tested, and human MapPairTM primers will be screened to identify genetic markers in chimpanzees and baboons that exhibit necessary levels of heterozygosity yet whose alleles are sufficiently distinguishable from humans to minimize problems associated with contamination.Measuring the relationship between physical prowess, symmetry, dominance rank, and reproductive success will increase understanding of the evolution of sexual dimorphism and the importance of symmetry in indicating "quality." Measuring the effects of behavioral strategies will reveal the extent to which male mating competition has driven the evolution of complex social behavior. Because these genetic techniques are non-invasive, the project will greatly enhance the ability to monitor levels of inbreeding in endangered populations.

野生灵长类动物雄性优势和繁殖成功的决定因素雄性黑猩猩和狒狒为争夺优势地位和获得接受性雌性而竞争。 该项目的最终目标是确定男性生殖成功如何受到身体大小，犬长和形态对称等物理特征以及社会优势，联盟形成，父亲照顾和与女性长期关系的培养等行为策略的影响。 普西博士的研究将在贡贝国家公园的黑猩猩和狒狒身上进行，这些研究已经进行了近40年。 这是一个非同寻常的数据库，在此基础上锚解释该项目的结果。近期目标是通过从粪便样本和毛发中提取DNA来完善排除父子关系的技术。 作为长期研究的一部分，将在坦桑尼亚的贡贝国家公园采集样本。 将测试各种提取技术，并筛选人类MapPairTM引物，以确定黑猩猩和狒狒中的遗传标记，这些标记表现出必要的杂合性水平，但其等位基因与人类有足够的区别，以尽量减少与污染有关的问题。繁殖的成功将增加对两性异形进化的理解，以及对称性在指示“质量”方面的重要性。“测量行为策略的影响将揭示雄性交配竞争在多大程度上推动了复杂社会行为的进化。 由于这些遗传技术是非侵入性的，该项目将大大提高监测濒危种群近亲繁殖程度的能力。