Relatedness in Wild Primates

9507423该项目将使用遗传分析来确定坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园的黑猩猩和狒狒的父子关系和雄性生殖成功的模式。在简·古德尔博士的指导下，这些种群分别进行了35年和28年的研究。在这两个物种中，雌性与许多雄性交配，雄性表现出各种交配策略，包括高频交配、攻击性竞争获得雌性、占有行为、形成配偶关系以及与雌性建立特殊关系。然而，人们对这些策略在实现父子关系方面的相对有效性知之甚少，因为基因分析一直无法实现。该项目将使用一种非侵入性程序，即从粪便中提取DNA，以获得用于分析的遗传物质。已经从5个部队的250只狒狒和一个社区的20只黑猩猩身上采集了样本，并完善了DNA提取技术。样本将从6个狒狒群体和2个黑猩猩社区的更多婴儿和未抽样的潜在父母那里收集，以产生150只幼崽和20只幼年黑猩猩的总样本量。通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增大约8个核DNA高变区，通过比较婴儿、他们的母亲和潜在的父亲的基因类型来确定父子关系。结合详细的行为记录，亲子关系的知识将允许评估不同交配策略的有效性。这项研究将提供关于群体内MF关联模式的新信息，并将为这些物种竞争行为和附属关系的演变提供新的见解。

9507423 This project will use genetic analysis to determine the patterns of paternity and male reproductive success in the chimpanzees and baboons of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. These populations have been studied under the direction of Dr. Jane Goodall for 35 and 28 years, respectively. In both species, females mate with many males, and males show a variety of mating strategies including mating at high frequencies, aggressive competition for access to females, possessive behavior, the formation of consortships, and the cultivation of special relationships with females. However, little is known of the relative effectiveness of these strategies in achieving paternity because genetic analysis has not been possible. This project will use a non-invasive procedure, the extraction of DNA from feces, to obtain genetic material for analysis. Samples from 250 baboons in five troops, and 20 chimpanzees in one community, have already been collected, and techniques for DNA extraction have been perfected. Samples will be collected from additional infants and unsampled potential parents in six baboon troops and two chimpanzee communities to yield total sample sizes of 150 infant baboons and 20 infant chimpanzees. Approximately 8 hypervariable regions of the nuclear DNA will be amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and paternity will be determined by comparing the genotypes of infants, their mothers, and potential fathers. In combination with the detailed behavioral records, knowledge of paternity will allow assessment of the effectiveness of different mating strategies. The study will provide new information about patterns mf relatedness within groups and will provide new insights into the evolution of competitive behavior and affiliative relationships in these species.