The Structure and Development of Coastal Atmospheric Circulations of Western North America

沿海地区复杂的地形，如美国西部海岸的大部分地区，对当地的天气条件有重大影响。然而，这种地形与各种气象现象的相互作用还不是很清楚。该项目的主要目标是研究和记录：沿北美西部山区海岸线传播的海岸受困扰动；以及大尺度气流和内嵌扰动（如气旋、槽和锋）与海岸地形的相互作用。利用在海军研究办公室和国家海洋和大气管理局的赞助下收集的现有研究数据集，这项研究工作将利用观测和数值模拟方法。首先，将研究稳定夏季条件下地形捕获事件的性质以及天气尺度流与海岸地形的相互作用。这些特征通常与沿海山脉约100公里范围内温度、风、压力和云量的显著变化有关。其次，该项目将解决天气系统的结构和动力平衡如何变化，如槽和锋面，当他们接近并越过山区海岸线在冬季，不稳定的条件。这种系统通常与重要的沿海天气特征有关，如中尺度海岸隆起、海岸喷流和沿岸浪涌。＊＊＊

9416866 Mass The complex terrain of coastal regions, such as exists along most of the western U.S. coast, has a major influence on local weather conditions. The interactions of such terrain with various meteorological phenomena, however, is not well-understood. The primary objectives of this project are to study and document: the coastally-trapped disturbances that propagate along the mountainous coastline of western North America; and the interaction of the large-scale flow and embedded disturbances (such as cyclones, troughs, and fronts) with coastal topography. Using an existing research data set collected under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, this research effort will utilize both observational and numerical modeling approaches. First, the nature of orographically-trapped events and the interactions of the synoptic-scale flow and coastal orography under stable summertime conditions will be examined. Such features are often associated with significant transitions in temperature, wind, pressure and cloudiness within approximately 100 km of coastal mountains. Secondly, the project will address how the structures and dynamical balances of synoptic systems such as troughs and fronts change as they approach and cross a mountainous coastline during wintertime, less stable conditions. Such systems are often associated with significant coastal weather features such as mesoscale coastal ridging, coastal jets and alongshore surges. ***