SBIR Phase II: Selective Breeding of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) Marine Shrimp

SBIR 第二阶段：无特定病原体 (SPF) 海虾的选择性育种

• 批准号: 9628476
• 负责人: Robert Shleser
• 金额: $ 29.92万
• 依托单位: Aquatic Farms
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-10-01 至 1998-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9628476&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Selective; Breeding

*** 9628476 This Small Business Innovative Research Phase II Project focuses on developing technology for the selective breeding of marine shrimp. At present there are more than 2.8 million acres of shrimp farms in production. Shrimp farmed are principally non-selected wild stocks or are produced from unselected farm reared broodstock. Virtually no work has been done to selectively breed shrimp for improved performance in farming environments. If shrimp can be bred for enhanced survival, faster growth, or improved feed conversion, the profitability of farming will be improve. Penaeus vannamei, the principal species raised in the Westem Hemisphere, has been selected for the program. The Phase I research objectives were to obtain and identify stocks that could be used in the breeding program. Work completed in the Phase I research identified 16 unique base sequences in one gene that can be used as markers to unambiguously identify the stocks for the breeding program. The overall objective of the Phase II research is to: Establish populations that are homozygous for alleles that can be used to conclusively identify family lines for the purpose of genetic selection and production of stocks for sale. The activities include: Developing nucleotide probes that can be used to screen individual shrimp for the base sequences that identify a particular allele; Identifying individual shrimp that carry each of the unique base sequences; Raising individual shrimp to sexual maturity; Breeding to establish populations that are homozygous for the identified sequences and; Conducting comparative evaluations of performance in production environments. ***

* 9628476 这个小型企业创新研究第二期项目的重点是开发海洋对虾选择性繁殖技术。目前有280多万英亩的虾养殖场在生产。养殖的虾主要是未经选择的野生种群或由人工养殖场饲养的亲虾生产。事实上，没有人做过任何工作来选择性地养殖虾，以改善养殖环境中的性能。如果能培育出存活率更高、生长更快或饲料转化率更高的虾，养殖业的盈利能力将得到提高。南美白对虾是西半球的主要养殖品种，已被选为该计划的对象。第一阶段的研究目标是获得和确定可用于育种计划的种群。在第一阶段研究中完成的工作确定了一个基因中的16个独特的碱基序列，可以用作标记，以明确地识别育种计划的股票。第二阶段研究的总体目标是：建立等位基因纯合的群体，这些等位基因可用于最终确定家系，以进行遗传选择和生产供销售的种群。这些活动包括：开发核苷酸探针，可用于筛选个体虾的碱基序列，以识别特定的等位基因;识别携带每种独特碱基序列的个体虾;将个体虾饲养至性成熟;育种以建立对所识别的序列纯合的种群;对生产环境中的性能进行比较评估。 ***