SBIR/STTR Phase II: Ploidy Induction with Penaeid Shrimp for Protection of Investment in Selective Breeding

SBIR/STTR 第二阶段：用对虾进行倍性诱导以保护选择性育种投资

• 批准号: 0079315
• 负责人: Robert Shleser
• 金额: $ 39.98万
• 依托单位: Aquatic Farms
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-15 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0079315&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; STTR; Phase; II; Ploidy

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase II project focuses on mass production oftriploid marine shrimp. Marine shrimp culture experienced exponential growth between 1980and 1990, increasing from 5% to 28% of total world production. Since then, farmed shrimpproduction has stagnated due to disease and water quality problems. Disease problems arelargely due to dependence on wild caught shrimp broodstock and post larvae, which carrymany untreatable viral diseases. A solution to this problem is closed-cycle culture, whichalso permits genetic selection for improved production performance. To protect a breeder'sinvestment in specific pathogen free (SPF)stock, specific pathogen resistant (SPR) stock,and genetic selection, it is highly desirable to sell only sterile post larvae. Triploidy is apossible solution since triploids of other species are typically sterile and may exhibitsuperior culture performance. In addition triploidy may allow for the culture of exoticspecies in environmentally sensitive areas where exclusion of exotics is desirable. Phase II will focus on development of tetraploid breeding stocks that will be crossed withnormal diploid stocks to produce triploid progeny.The successful outcome of our R&D effort will result in significant changes in marineshrimp culture. It will prevent competitors from propagation of shrimp stocks that havebeen genetically selected for aquaculture performance. It will help stimulate large-scaleinvestment in SPF, SPR, genetic selection and closed-cycle shrimp culture. It will helpcreate opportunities to expand use of exotic shrimp species into environmentally sensitiveculture areas. Our company intends to be at the forefront of these opportunities.

这个小企业创新研究二期项目的重点是大规模生产三倍体海洋虾。1980年至1990年间，海洋对虾养殖经历了指数级增长，占世界总产量的比例从5%增加到28%。从那以后，由于疾病和水质问题，养殖虾的生产停滞不前。疾病问题在很大程度上是由于依赖野生捕捞的虾和幼虾，它们携带许多无法治愈的病毒性疾病。解决这个问题的一种方法是封闭循环培养，它也允许遗传选择来提高生产性能。为了保护育种者在特定无病原体（SPF）、特定抗病原体（SPR）和遗传选择方面的投资，最好只出售不育后幼虫。三倍体是可能的解决方案，因为其他物种的三倍体通常是不育的，可能表现出优越的培养性能。此外，三倍体还可以在环境敏感的地区进行外来种的培养，这些地区需要排除外来种。第二阶段将重点发展四倍体育种资源，这些资源将与正常的二倍体资源杂交，产生三倍体后代。我们的研发工作的成功结果将导致海洋虾养殖的重大变化。它将阻止竞争对手繁殖已被遗传选择用于水产养殖性能的虾群。这将有助于刺激对SPF、SPR、遗传选择和闭式养殖的大规模投资。这将有助于创造机会，将外来虾种的使用扩大到环境敏感的养殖地区。我们公司打算站在这些机会的最前沿。