CAREER: Surface Scattering Effects in Mine Detection and Remote Sensing Systems

鉴于地雷对平民构成的危险，探测和识别埋在地下的地雷是一个重要问题，而地面的散射在目前正在研究的探地雷达技术中起着重要作用。 地面散射在用微波传感器遥感土壤湿度中也很重要，并且可以强烈影响从卫星或飞机测量获得的土壤湿度估计的准确性。 然而，土壤表面散射对雷达测量的贡献仍然没有得到很好的理解，只有经验模型，它允许很少的洞察减少表面杂波影响的方法，目前可用于预测。 地面散射的分析近似模型也已开发，但基本的近似往往是无效的土壤表面，和模型需要规范的表面空间频谱，这是很难测量和信息很少。 在这个项目中，地面散射的详细研究，使新的洞察到重要的物理过程将通过分析，数值和实验技术进行。 俄亥俄州的超宽带探地雷达系统将用于测量各种条件下的电子科学实验室（ESL）室内范围内的表面散射，测量表面高度剖面，以确保其准确的特性。 测量数据与数值模型预测的精确配置文件测量区分这项工作从以前的纯粹的经验研究地面散射，并使决定性的确定在何种程度上分布的表面与离散和/或体积散射是显着的。 与现有的分析模型进行比较，将在此基础上改进的理解，与一个新的分析模型，其中包括表面和离散或体积散射的研究所产生的影响。 还将对各种室外地表剖面进行进一步测量，并将研究减少地表杂波对探地雷达和土壤湿度遥感系统的影响的方法。 ***

9701678 Johnson The detection and identification of buried mines is an important problem given the risk land mines pose to civilian populations, and scattering from the surface of the ground plays a significant role in the ground penetrating radar technologies currently under investigation. Ground surface scattering is also important in the remote sensing of soil moisture with microwave sensors, and can strongly influence the accuracy of soil moisture estimates obtained from satellite or aircraft measurements. However, the contribution of soil surface scattering to radar measurements is still not well understood, and only empirical models, which allow little insight into methods for reducing surface clutter effects, are currently available for predictions. Analytical approximate models for ground surface scattering have also been developed, but the underlying approximations often are not valid for soil surfaces, and the models require specification of a surface spatial frequency spectrum, which is difficult to measure and for which little information is available. In this project, detailed studies of ground surface scattering which allow new insight into the important physical processes will be performed through analytical, numerical, and experimental techniques. The Ohio State ultra-wideband ground penetrating radar system will be used to measure surface scattering at the ElectroScience Laboratory (ESL) indoor range under a variety of conditions, with surface height profiles measured to insure their accurate characterization. A comparison of measured data with numerical model predictions for the exact profiles measured distinguishes this work from previous purely empirical studies of ground surface scattering, and enables conclusive determinations of the extent to which distributed surface versus discrete and/or volume scattering is significant. Comparisons with existing analytical models will be performed based on this improved understanding, with a new analytical model which inc ludes both surface and discrete or volume scattering effects resulting from the study. Further measurements will be done on a variety of outdoor surface profiles, and methods for reducing surface clutter effects on ground penetrating radar and soil moisture remote sensing systems will be investigated. ***