Cellulose Conversion Using Aqueous Pretreatment and Cellulose Enzyme Mimetic

该提案涉及将含纤维素的废物和残留物加工成糖，这些糖可以发酵成含氧化学品和燃料添加剂。提出的方法建立在最近确认的预处理方法，其中纤维素材料在水中加压煮熟，使其易受酶水解。拟议的研究将进行探索性研究，以筛选，鉴定和表征生物可降解的模拟酶，用于从经水压蒸煮预处理的纤维素材料中形成葡萄糖。这项研究的目的是确定有机酸催化剂，特别是脂肪酸或长链酸，它们将吸附在纤维素上并水解-糖苷键以产生葡萄糖。这项研究的总体目标是有助于降低将可再生材料纤维素转化为可发酵糖的成本。具体目标有：快速筛选一系列有机脂肪酸和脂肪酸，因为它们的组合潜力可以吸附在纤维素上，水解糖苷键和预处理纤维素，并且只对葡萄糖进行最小的降解2。选择一种或两种有机酸，测定其水解纤维素的速率常数与酸（催化剂）浓度和温度（80 - 180℃）的关系。基于吸附机理分析和速率现象的水解模型的开发，用于生物反应器设计，并计算催化剂的成本。利用压力锅对纤维素进行预处理的初步实验表明，琥珀酸具有作为水解催化剂的潜力。琥珀酸具有可溶于沸水的特性，同时在室温下从溶液中析出。＊＊＊

9727096 Ladisch This proposal addresses the processing of cellulose- containing wastes and residues into sugars which can be fermented into oxygenated chemicals and fuel additives. The proposed approach builds upon a recently confirmed pretreatment method in which cellulosic materials are pressure cooked in water to make them susceptible to enzyme hydrolysis. The proposed research will carry out exploratory research to screen, identify, and characterize biodegradable enzyme mimetic(s) for formation of glucose from cellulosic materials pretreated by aqueous pressure cooking. The research is directed toward identifying organic acid catalysts, particularly fatty or long chain acids which will adsorb on cellulose and hydrolyze the -glycosidic bonds to give glucose. The general goal of the research is to con tribute to the reduction in cost of converting a renewable material, cellulose, into fermentable sugars. Specific objectives are: 1. Rapid screening of a range of organic and fatty acids for their combined potential to adsorb onto cellulose, hydrolyze glycosidic bonds and pretreated cellulose, and give only minimal degradation of glucose 2. Selection of one or two of the organic acids, determination of their rate constants for cellulose hydrolysis as a function of acid (catalyst)concentrations and temperatures ranging from80 to 180C 3. Development of a hydrolysis model based on a mechanistic analysis of adsorption and rate phenomena for the purpose of bioreactor design, and calculating the cost of the catalyst. Preliminary experiments using pressure cooker pretreatment of cellulose have shown the potential of succinic acid as a hydrolysis catalyst. Succinic acid has the added property of being soluble in boiling water while precipitating from solution at room temperature. ***