Cellulose Conversion Using Aqueous Pretreatment and Cellulose Enzyme Mimetic

9727096 Ladisch该提案涉及将含纤维素的废物和残渣加工成糖，糖可以发酵成含氧化学品和燃料添加剂。 所提出的方法建立在最近确认的预处理方法的基础上，其中纤维素材料在水中压力蒸煮，使它们易于酶水解。 拟议的研究将进行探索性研究，以筛选，鉴定和表征可生物降解的酶模拟物，用于从水压力蒸煮预处理的纤维素材料中形成葡萄糖。 该研究旨在鉴定有机酸催化剂，特别是脂肪酸或长链酸，它们将吸附在纤维素上并水解糖苷键以产生葡萄糖。 这项研究的总体目标是降低将可再生材料纤维素转化为可发酵糖的成本。 具体目标是： 1. 一系列有机酸和脂肪酸的快速筛选 由于它们吸附到纤维素上的组合潜力， 水解糖苷键和预处理纤维素，和 仅产生葡萄糖2的最小降解。 选择一种或两种有机酸， 纤维素反应速率常数的测定 水解作为酸（催化剂）浓度的函数 温度在80到180摄氏度之间。 水解模型的开发基于 吸附和速率现象的机理分析 生物反应器设计的目的，并计算成本 的催化剂。 使用压力锅预处理纤维素的初步实验已经显示出琥珀酸作为水解催化剂的潜力。 琥珀酸具有可溶于沸水同时在室温下从溶液中沉淀的附加性质。 ***

9727096 Ladisch This proposal addresses the processing of cellulose- containing wastes and residues into sugars which can be fermented into oxygenated chemicals and fuel additives. The proposed approach builds upon a recently confirmed pretreatment method in which cellulosic materials are pressure cooked in water to make them susceptible to enzyme hydrolysis. The proposed research will carry out exploratory research to screen, identify, and characterize biodegradable enzyme mimetic(s) for formation of glucose from cellulosic materials pretreated by aqueous pressure cooking. The research is directed toward identifying organic acid catalysts, particularly fatty or long chain acids which will adsorb on cellulose and hydrolyze the -glycosidic bonds to give glucose. The general goal of the research is to con tribute to the reduction in cost of converting a renewable material, cellulose, into fermentable sugars. Specific objectives are: 1. Rapid screening of a range of organic and fatty acids for their combined potential to adsorb onto cellulose, hydrolyze glycosidic bonds and pretreated cellulose, and give only minimal degradation of glucose 2. Selection of one or two of the organic acids, determination of their rate constants for cellulose hydrolysis as a function of acid (catalyst)concentrations and temperatures ranging from80 to 180C 3. Development of a hydrolysis model based on a mechanistic analysis of adsorption and rate phenomena for the purpose of bioreactor design, and calculating the cost of the catalyst. Preliminary experiments using pressure cooker pretreatment of cellulose have shown the potential of succinic acid as a hydrolysis catalyst. Succinic acid has the added property of being soluble in boiling water while precipitating from solution at room temperature. ***