Cellulose Conversion Using Aqueous Pretreatment and Cellulose Enzyme Mimetic

9727096 Ladisch这项建议涉及将含有纤维素的废物和残留物加工成糖类，这些糖类可发酵成含氧化学品和燃料添加剂。所提出的方法建立在最近证实的一种预处理方法的基础上，在该方法中，纤维素材料在水中加压煮熟，使其容易受到酶水解的影响。这项拟议的研究将开展探索性研究，以筛选、鉴定和表征可用于从水压蒸煮的纤维素材料中生成葡萄糖的可生物降解酶模拟物(S)。这项研究旨在确定有机酸催化剂，特别是脂肪酸或长链酸，它们将吸附在纤维素上，并水解糖苷键得到葡萄糖。这项研究的总体目标是为了降低将可再生材料纤维素转化为可发酵糖的成本。具体目标是：1.快速筛选一系列有机和脂肪酸的结合潜力，它们吸附在纤维素上，水解糖苷键和经过处理的纤维素，并且只对葡萄糖产生最小的降解。2.选择一种或两种有机酸，测定它们在80-180℃温度范围内作为酸(催化剂)浓度和温度的函数的纤维素水解的速率常数。3.为了生物反应器设计的目的，基于吸附和速率现象的机理分析，开发一个水解模型，并计算催化剂的成本。利用高压锅对纤维素进行的初步实验表明，琥珀酸具有作为水解催化剂的潜力。丁二酸还具有在常温下从溶液中沉淀时溶于沸水的附加性质。***

9727096 Ladisch This proposal addresses the processing of cellulose- containing wastes and residues into sugars which can be fermented into oxygenated chemicals and fuel additives. The proposed approach builds upon a recently confirmed pretreatment method in which cellulosic materials are pressure cooked in water to make them susceptible to enzyme hydrolysis. The proposed research will carry out exploratory research to screen, identify, and characterize biodegradable enzyme mimetic(s) for formation of glucose from cellulosic materials pretreated by aqueous pressure cooking. The research is directed toward identifying organic acid catalysts, particularly fatty or long chain acids which will adsorb on cellulose and hydrolyze the -glycosidic bonds to give glucose. The general goal of the research is to con tribute to the reduction in cost of converting a renewable material, cellulose, into fermentable sugars. Specific objectives are: 1. Rapid screening of a range of organic and fatty acids for their combined potential to adsorb onto cellulose, hydrolyze glycosidic bonds and pretreated cellulose, and give only minimal degradation of glucose 2. Selection of one or two of the organic acids, determination of their rate constants for cellulose hydrolysis as a function of acid (catalyst)concentrations and temperatures ranging from80 to 180C 3. Development of a hydrolysis model based on a mechanistic analysis of adsorption and rate phenomena for the purpose of bioreactor design, and calculating the cost of the catalyst. Preliminary experiments using pressure cooker pretreatment of cellulose have shown the potential of succinic acid as a hydrolysis catalyst. Succinic acid has the added property of being soluble in boiling water while precipitating from solution at room temperature. ***