Prehistoric Fisheries in Southern California: Zooarchaeological Research Collections and Regional Analysis

在国家科学基金会的支持下，加州大学洛杉矶分校动物考古实验室将获得一个比较鱼类收藏。该实验室目前确认了在考古遗址挖掘过程中发现的动物遗骸，其中许多位于加利福尼亚州。为了有效地进行这项工作，有必要获得已知物种的骨骼，以便进行比较，而目前的实验室收集是最低限度的。虽然已知有700多种鱼存在于加州水域，但只有150-200种鱼出现在考古遗址，阿诺德博士和她的合作者将专注于这些物种。他们计划在目前的基础上再增加大约300个标本。由于一些物种在许多情况下表现出两性二型性，因此需要不止一个标本。将从许多来源收集材料，包括商业渔民、鱼市和电力和抽水设施(这些设施在将冷却输送系统冲走时回收大量鱼类)。标本将被浸泡，干净的脱脂骨骼元素将被编号并纳入收藏。在加利福尼亚州沿海的一些地区，如海峡群岛和邻近的大陆，史前美洲原住民文化达到了高度的封闭化和文化复杂性，这在狩猎和采集社会中是非常罕见的。他们生产的财富物品被广泛交易，很可能是由手工艺专家制作的。对鱼的依赖在这一过程中发挥了重要作用，因为鱼提供了丰富的相对稳定的饮食。广泛的海洋研究重建了更新世后水温和相关生产力的变化，考古学家希望检查文化对这些变化条件的反应。通过考古发掘发现的动物群材料为解决这些问题提供了一个重要的数据库，将要收集的比较收集资料将大大有助于这项工作。-v-+-+@@+？▓？？oh？？‘+’？？▒0？？$H L+，╗S u m m a r y n o r m a r m a t i on n(+++D h+R：\WWUSER\TEMPLATE\NORMAL.DOT

With National Science Foundation support the UCLA Zooarchaeology Laboratory will acquire a comparative fish collection. The laboratory currently identifies faunal remains recovered during the excavation of archaeological sites, many of which are located in California. To conduct this work effectively it is necessary to have skeletons from known species for comparative purposes and the present laboratory collection is minimally adequate. While more than 700 species of fish are known present in California waters only 150-200 appear in archaeological sites and Dr. Arnold and her collaborators will focus on these species. They plan to add roughly 300 specimens to their current holdings. Because some species exhibit sexual dimorphism in many cases more than one specimen is necessary. Materials will be collected from a number of sources including commercial fisherman, fish markets and power and pumping facilities (which recover large numbers of fish when they flush out their cooling delivery systems). The specimens will be macerated, and the clean de-greased skeletal elements will be numbered and incorporated into the collection. In some areas of coastal California such as the Channel Islands and adjacent mainland prehistoric Native American cultures reached a level of sedentization and cultural complexity highly unusual for hunting and gathering societies. They produced wealth items which were widely traded and which probably were made by craft specialists. Reliance on fish which offered a rich a relatively stable diet played an important role in this process. Extensive marine research has allowed reconstruction of changes in post Pleistocene water temperature and related productivity and archaeologists wish to examine cultural response to these changing conditions. Faunal materials recovered through archaeological excavation provide an important data base for addressing such issues and the comparative collection to be amassed will significantly assist in this work. - À- v- +- ±@ + _ Ûª▓ ÑOh ª' +'ª▒0 Ý + Õ $ H l + ¢ ╗ S u m m a r y I n f o r m a t i o n ( ++++++++++++ . Û ++++++++++++ ++++++++++++ ++++++++++++ D h + R:\WWUSER\TEMPLATE\NORMAL.DOT