Photoinduced Grafting of Filtration Membranes: Principles and Applications

CTS-0094765 Georges BelfortRensselaer Polytechnic InstitutePhoto-induced Grafting of Filtration Membranes：Principles and Applications摘要本研究的目的是确定聚醚砜（PES）膜的光诱导接枝改性的基本原理，并利用这种理解来改性市售PES膜的表面，使得它们在蛋白质溶液的超滤过程中表现出较少的污染。 紫外光辅助亲水单体接枝聚合是本研究选择的改性技术，因为它简单且易于工业规模化。 选择PES超滤膜是因为它们广泛用于生物技术工业，但它们相对疏水，表现出严重的蛋白质污染，并且本质上是光活性的。 具体目标是：1.探讨聚醚砜光接枝的机理，以期阐明光活性发色团的身份，并确定最佳的辐照条件。 2.评价一系列亲水性乙烯基单体代替N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮（NVP），NVP是迄今为止研究最充分的单体。 我们假设其他市售亲水性单体可以提供优于NVP的优势。 3.通过开发具有低蛋白吸附和高阳离子交换容量的亲和膜，证明使用我们新的表面改性技术的有效性。 4.评价最有前途的改性PES膜的化学和物理稳定性及使用寿命。 在生物技术、食品和饮料以及废水处理工业中迫切需要更好的低生物污染合成膜。 目前最广泛使用的膜，聚（醚砜），表现出高非特异性蛋白质污染，需要更换。 然而，开发具有合适的表面或功能特性以及用于各种膜过滤应用的机械性能的新聚合物材料涉及巨大的努力和费用。因此，在过去的30年里，很少有聚合物用于膜生产。 在这项为期三年的综合研究计划中，提供了一种替代路线，即对商业PES膜进行简单改性。 新方法提供了一个相对便宜的，简单的，可扩展的，以及测试的改性程序生产聚（芳砜）膜具有改善的性能。

CTS-0094765Georges BelfortRensselaer Polytechnic InstitutePhoto-induced Grafting of Filtration Membranes: Principles and Applications ABSTRACT The goals of this work are to determine the underlying principles of photo-induced graft modification of poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membranes and to use this understanding to modify the surface of commercially available PES membranes so that they exhibit less fouling during ultrafiltration of protein solutions. Ultraviolet (UV)-assisted graft polymerization of hydrophilic monomers is the modification technique chosen for this study because it is simple and easy to scale industrially. PES ultrafiltration membranes are selected because they are widely used in the biotechnology industry, but they are relatively hydrophobic, exhibit severe protein fouling, and are intrinsically photoactive. The specific aims are: 1. To investigate the mechanism of the photo-induced grafting of PES with a view towards elucidating the identity of the photoactive chromophore(s) and to identify the optimal irradiation conditions. 2. To evaluate a series of hydrophilic vinyl monomers in lieu of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP), the most well-studied monomer to date. We postulate that other commercially available hydrophilic monomers could offer advantages over NVP. 3. To demonstrate the efficacy of using our new surface-modification technology by developing an affinity membrane with low protein adsorption and high cation-exchange capacity. 4. To evaluate the chemical and physical stability and lifetime of the most promising modified PES membranes. There is an urgent need in the biotechnology, food and beverage, and wastewater- treatment industries for better, low-biofouling synthetic membranes. The current most widely used membrane, poly(ether sulfone), exhibits high non-specific protein fouling and needs to be replaced. However, developing new polymeric materials with appropriate surface or functional characteristics as well as mechanical properties for diverse membrane-filtration applications involves great effort and expense. As a result, over the past 30 years, few polymers have been used for membrane production. In this comprehensive three-year research program, an alternate route, i.e. the facile modification of commercial PES membranes, is offered. The new method proffers a relatively inexpensive, simple, scalable, and well-tested modification procedure for producing poly(aryl sulfone) membranes with improved properties.