Grass Genome Biodiversity: Application of Genomic Tools from Sorghum and Related Grasses to Identify and Analyze Variation in Structure and Function of C4 Grass Genomes

草基因组生物多样性：应用高粱和相关草的基因组工具来识别和分析 C4 草基因组结构和功能的变异

• 批准号: 0115903
• 负责人: Andrew Paterson
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0115903&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Grass; Genome; Biodiversity; Application; Genomic

As a grass genome model, the Sorghum genome (~760 Mb) is the most logical complement to that of rice (~420 Mb), a distant relative that will be the first grass genome to be completely sequenced. Sorghum is an important bridge to closely-related large-genome crops in its own tribe (Andropogoneae) such as maize (~2500 Mb) and sugarcane (~2500-4200 Mb). Analysis of the levels and patterns of genomic diversity within and between sorghum, sugarcane, rice, and maize (and others) promises to advance understanding of the biology and evolution of Poaceae grain and biomass crops, and create new opportunities for their improvement. Data and tools from rice will aid in completion of a robust sorghum physical map and also serve as an important point of comparison to identify, and gain insights into, the basis of genomic diversity. Comparative tools will foster the extension of these results to neglected crops such as Bermuda grass and millet, and to noxious weeds such as 'Johnson grass.' Deliverables include a sorghum physical map that will support individual gene isolation and/or complete sequencing in sorghum and other genomes aligned to sorghum by comparative data. The physical map will also integrate genetic, comparative, cyto-molecular and diversity data into a rich Web-accessible resource to identify and study the 'footprints' of selection associated with plant evolution and crop improvement. A sorghum-sugarcane EST comparison is of far-reaching importance, shedding light on genes that differentiate grain and biomass crops that sustain humanity. Research is closely-tied to strong training and outreach programs with a successful history of engaging groups under-represented in the sciences, as well as K-12 students and undergraduates.

作为草基因组模型，高粱基因组（~760 Mb）是水稻基因组（~420 Mb）最合理的补充，水稻是一个远亲，将是第一个完全测序的草基因组。 高粱是通往其自身部落（Andropogoneae）中密切相关的大基因组作物（例如玉米（~2500 Mb）和甘蔗（~2500-4200 Mb））的重要桥梁。 分析高粱、甘蔗、水稻和玉米（以及其他作物）内部和之间的基因组多样性水平和模式，有望促进对禾本科谷物和生物质作物生物学和进化的理解，并为它们的改进创造新的机会。来自水稻的数据和工具将有助于完成一个强大的高粱物理图谱，并作为一个重要的比较点，以确定和深入了解基因组多样性的基础。 比较工具将促进这些结果扩展到被忽视的作物，如百慕大草和小米，以及有害杂草，如约翰逊草。可获得的信息包括高粱物理图谱，该图谱将支持高粱中的个体基因分离和/或完整测序，以及通过比较数据与高粱比对的其他基因组。 物理图谱还将把遗传、比较、细胞分子和多样性数据整合成一个丰富的网络资源，以确定和研究与植物进化和作物改良有关的选择的“足迹”。 高粱-甘蔗EST比较具有深远的重要性，可以揭示区分维持人类生存的谷物和生物质作物的基因。研究与强大的培训和推广计划密切相关，这些计划具有吸引科学界代表性不足的群体以及K-12学生和本科生的成功历史。