PFI-RP: Accelerating the improvement of US cotton fiber quality

PFI-RP：加速美国棉纤维品质提升

• 批准号: 1919078
• 负责人: Andrew Paterson
• 金额: $ 54.99万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1919078&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PFI; RP; Accelerating; improvement; US

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Partnerships for Innovation - Research Partnerships (PFI-RP) project will be to restore the leading role of US cotton by conferring superior quality that distinguishes US cottons in world markets. One of the world's most important crops, cotton enjoys many opportunities to participate in a competitively priced bio-based products industry. Increased durability and strength of cotton fiber offers the opportunity to replace synthetic fibers that require ~230 million barrels of petroleum per year to produce in the USA alone - but fiber quality improvement has been extremely slow. The team expects to accelerate fiber quality improvement by using chemically-induced mutants to bypass the lack of natural genetic variation in the cotton gene pool. The team anticipates addressing the long-standing problem where fiber quality increases at the cost of decreasing yield by identifying and separating the genetic factors causing this effect. Even a small improvement, leveraged over the ~$6 billion value of the US cotton crop alone with an estimated aggregate influence of ~$120 billion/yr on the US gross domestic product, represents a major commercialization opportunity.The proposed project builds on the demonstration that we can obtain cotton mutants with useful improvements in fiber quality, and that assembly of multiple mutants results in highly superior lines. Here we broaden the pool of superior lines toward a 'pipeline', also determining the impact of these fiber quality traits on fiber yield, identify diagnostic DNA markers that can be used to expedite manipulation of these genes, and narrow the locations of the genes themselves to small intervals in the genome. This project will provide a test of the new hypothesis that genomic regions (quantitative trait loci, QTLs) that determine fiber quality include not merely single genes as long expected, but dozens of genes that function in coordination with one another -- and therefore that the inverse relationship between yield and fiber quality can be overcome by creating and identifying mutations in single genes that change quality traits with minimal disturbance to yield components. The project will identify prototype cotton 'lines' that are of immediate potential commercial value, as well as a 'pipeline' of ongoing improvements, addressing the 'Red Queen' challenge that we will need to continue to increase our fiber quality as commercial standards rise.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该创新伙伴关系-研究伙伴关系 (PFI-RP) 项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力将是通过赋予美国棉花在世界市场上的卓越品质来恢复美国棉花的主导地位。棉花是世界上最重要的作物之一，拥有许多参与价格具有竞争力的生物基产品行业的机会。棉纤维耐用性和强度的提高提供了替代合成纤维的机会，仅在美国每年就需要约 2.3 亿桶石油来生产，但纤维质量的改善极其缓慢。该团队希望通过使用化学诱导突变体来绕过棉花基因库中自然遗传变异的缺乏，从而加速纤维质量的改善。该团队预计通过识别和分离导致这种影响的遗传因素来解决长期存在的问题，即以降低产量为代价提高纤维质量。即使是对美国棉花作物约 60 亿美元价值的微小改进，估计每年对美国国内生产总值约 1200 亿美元的总体影响，也代表着一个重大的商业化机会。拟议的项目建立在这样的论证之上，即我们可以获得对纤维质量进行有用改进的棉花突变体，并且多个突变体的组装可以产生高度优异的品系。在这里，我们将优良品系库扩大到“管道”，同时确定这些纤维质量性状对纤维产量的影响，确定可用于加快这些基因操作的诊断DNA标记，并将基因本身的位置缩小到基因组中的小区间。该项目将对新假设进行检验，即决定纤维质量的基因组区域（数量性状基因座，QTL）不仅包括长期以来预期的单个基因，还包括数十个相互协调发挥作用的基因，因此，可以通过在单基因中创建和识别突变来克服产量和纤维质量之间的负相关关系，这些突变可以在对产量成分的干扰最小的情况下改变质量性状。 该项目将确定具有直接潜在商业价值的原型棉花“系列”，以及持续改进的“管道”，以解决“红皇后”挑战，即随着商业标准的提高，我们需要继续提高纤维质量。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Pyramiding novel EMS-generated mutant alleles to improve fiber quality components of elite upland cotton germplasm

• DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114594
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: Industrial Crops and Products
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Jinesh D. Patel;Rahul Chandnani;Sameer Khanal;Jeevan Adhikari;N. Brown;P. Chee;Don C. Jones;A. Paterson