Design and Synthesis of Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks

该项目的目的是开发从分子构建块设计和合成金属有机材料的策略。具体而言，金属羧酸盐簇将通过有机连接组装成多孔支架或金属有机框架（MOF）。这些M0F已经显示出具有显著的孔隙率，其可以达到在最多孔的沸石中观察到的孔隙率的高达五倍。该方法的通用性将针对大量不同长度和官能度的簇和有机连接进行测试和开发，以制备M0F，其中可以改变它们的度量和化学官能度，而不改变它们的底层拓扑结构（或骨架结构），仍然保持框架的周期性。该项目为学生和博士后研究员提供了无与伦比的机会，学习与溶液和固态化学相关的化学和物理技术，这些领域传统上分别进行。在智力水平上，学生体验到设计和发现之间必须存在的必要协同作用，使用不同的智力工具，从数学和网络的枚举到合成，表征和对所制备材料的包合化学的研究。结晶多孔材料对全球经济产生巨大影响，因为它们可用于石油裂化、催化、分离和离子交换过程。事实上，多孔材料在全球经济中占据了（大约）3500亿美元的份额。该项目旨在研究新型多孔材料的设计和合成，其中无机和有机成分可以随意变化，以发挥高度特定的功能。例如，将追求能够在环境条件下储存氢和天然气以用于移动的电子设备和汽车燃料的材料。这些应用将使更环保的燃料成为主流。该小组已经在与工业界建立合作，设计用于移动的电话和笔记本电脑的采用金属有机框架的储氢盒。 将在该项目下开发的化学方法对学生和青年科学家的教育具有若干影响。例如，研究人员现在正在参与一项计划，该计划鼓励跨多个学科进行思考和工作，从材料合成和表征到应用程序的开发。

The aim of this project is to develop strategies for the design and synthesis of metal-organic materials from molecular building blocks. Specifically, metal-carboxylate clusters will be assembled by organic links into porous scaffolds or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These MOFs have been shown to have remarkable porosities that can reach up to five times those observed in the most porous zeolites. The generality of this approach will be tested and developed for a large number clusters and organic links of varying lengths and functionalities in order to prepare MOFs in which it is possible to change their metrics and chemical functionalities without changing their underlying topology (or backbone structure) still maintaining periodicity of the framework. This project provides unparalleled opportunities for students and postdoctoral fellows to learn chemical and physical techniques associated with both solution and solid-state chemistries, areas traditionally practiced separately. On the intellectual level, students experience the necessary synergy that must exist between design and discovery using diverse intellectual tools ranging from mathematics and the enumeration of networks to synthesis, characterization and study of the inclusion chemistry of the materials prepared.%%%Crystalline porous materials have a tremendous impact on the global economy, as they are useful in petroleum cracking, catalysis, separation and ion exchange processes. Indeed porous materials represent a (roughly) US$350 billion segment of the global economy. This project is aimed at studying the design and synthesis of new kind of porous materials in which the inorganic and organic components can be varied at will to perform highly specific function. For example, materials capable of storing hydrogen and natural gas at ambient conditions for use in mobile electronics and automobile fueling will be pursued. These applications will bring more environmentally benign fuels into mainstream use. Already, this group is establishing cooperation with industry to design hydrogen storage cartridges that employ metal-organic frameworks for use in mobile phones and laptop computers. The chemical approach that will be developed under this project has a number of implications for the education of students and young scientists. For example, researchers are now participating in a program that encourages thinking and working across several disciplines, and from materials synthesis and characterization through the development of applications.***