Design and Synthesis of Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks

该项目的目的是开发利用分子构建块设计和合成金属-有机材料的策略。具体地说，金属-羧酸簇合物将通过有机连接组装成多孔支架或金属-有机骨架(MOF)。研究表明，这些分子筛具有显著的孔隙率，孔隙率可达最多孔隙率沸石的五倍。将对大量不同长度和官能度的簇和有机链接测试和开发这一方法的一般性，以便准备能够改变其度量和化学功能的MOF，而不改变其基本拓扑(或主干结构)，仍然保持框架的周期性。这个项目为学生和博士后研究员提供了无与伦比的机会，学习与溶液和固态化学相关的化学和物理技术，这两个领域传统上是分开练习的。在智力水平上，学生体验设计和发现之间必须存在的必要的协同作用，使用各种智力工具，从数学和网络计数到所制备材料的合成、表征和包裹体化学的研究。%结晶多孔材料对全球经济产生巨大影响，因为它们在石油裂解、催化、分离和离子交换过程中有用。事实上，多孔材料在全球经济中占(大约)3500亿美元的份额。本项目旨在研究新型多孔材料的设计和合成，在这种材料中，无机组分和有机组分可以任意变化，以实现高度特定的功能。例如，将寻求能够在环境条件下存储氢和天然气的材料，用于移动电子产品和汽车燃料。这些应用将把更环保的燃料带入主流使用。该小组已经与工业界建立了合作，以设计使用金属有机框架的储氢盒，用于移动电话和笔记本电脑。在该项目下将开发的化学方法对学生和青年科学家的教育有一些影响。例如，研究人员现在正在参与一项计划，该计划鼓励跨几个学科的思考和工作，从材料合成和表征到应用程序的开发。

The aim of this project is to develop strategies for the design and synthesis of metal-organic materials from molecular building blocks. Specifically, metal-carboxylate clusters will be assembled by organic links into porous scaffolds or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These MOFs have been shown to have remarkable porosities that can reach up to five times those observed in the most porous zeolites. The generality of this approach will be tested and developed for a large number clusters and organic links of varying lengths and functionalities in order to prepare MOFs in which it is possible to change their metrics and chemical functionalities without changing their underlying topology (or backbone structure) still maintaining periodicity of the framework. This project provides unparalleled opportunities for students and postdoctoral fellows to learn chemical and physical techniques associated with both solution and solid-state chemistries, areas traditionally practiced separately. On the intellectual level, students experience the necessary synergy that must exist between design and discovery using diverse intellectual tools ranging from mathematics and the enumeration of networks to synthesis, characterization and study of the inclusion chemistry of the materials prepared.%%%Crystalline porous materials have a tremendous impact on the global economy, as they are useful in petroleum cracking, catalysis, separation and ion exchange processes. Indeed porous materials represent a (roughly) US$350 billion segment of the global economy. This project is aimed at studying the design and synthesis of new kind of porous materials in which the inorganic and organic components can be varied at will to perform highly specific function. For example, materials capable of storing hydrogen and natural gas at ambient conditions for use in mobile electronics and automobile fueling will be pursued. These applications will bring more environmentally benign fuels into mainstream use. Already, this group is establishing cooperation with industry to design hydrogen storage cartridges that employ metal-organic frameworks for use in mobile phones and laptop computers. The chemical approach that will be developed under this project has a number of implications for the education of students and young scientists. For example, researchers are now participating in a program that encourages thinking and working across several disciplines, and from materials synthesis and characterization through the development of applications.***