Genetic history of Peru

关于人类群体遗传多样性模式的争论集中在语言、地理和基因流动的重要性上。由于语言和环境的多样性，秘鲁是研究这些问题的理想地点。为了这个项目，正在从秘鲁不同地理区域和不同语言和族裔群体中采集样本，尽管该项目将特别侧重于讲盖丘亚语和艾马拉语的人口。本研究的总体目的是检查常染色体，线粒体DNA和Y染色体标记，以调查当今的多样性和混合的程度土著和非土著人民之间的空间分布。特别是，男性和女性的混合模式之间的差异将进行研究。此外，还将检验关于安第斯山脉中部遗传学、地理和语言之间关系的假设。本项目将调查史前移民到南美洲和语言之间的关系在秘鲁和美洲其他地区的家庭。这项研究将在新墨西哥州大学的分子人类学实验室和秘鲁的圣马科斯国立大学和里卡多帕尔马大学进行。该项目还将包括对美国和秘鲁学生的培训，以及通过关于该项目的西班牙文和英文网页进行公众宣传。

Debate about the patterning of genetic diversity in human populations has centered on the importance of language, geography, and gene flow. Because of the diversity of languages and environments, Peru is an ideal place to investigate these issues. For this project, samples are being obtained from geographically diverse parts of Peru and from different language and ethnic groups, although the project will focus in particular on populations speaking Quechua and Aymara languages. The general aim of this research is to examine autosomal, mitochondrial DNA, and Y chromosome markers in order to investigate the spatial distribution of present-day diversity and the extent of admixture between native and non-native peoples. In particular, differences between male and female patterns of admixture will be studied. In addition, hypotheses about the relationship between genetics, geography and language in the central Andes will be tested. This project will investigate the prehistoric migrations into South American and the relationship between the language families in Peru and other parts of the Americas. This research will be conducted at the Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology at the University of New Mexico and in Peru at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos and Universidad Ricardo Palma. This project will also include training of both American and Peruvian students and public outreach through Spanish and English versions of a web page about the project.