Workshop to Synthesize Research Priorities in the McMurdo Sound-Ross Sea Region, Antarctica

南极洲麦克默多海峡-罗斯海区研究重点综合研讨会

• 批准号: 0335111
• 负责人: David Ainley
• 金额: $ 5.21万
• 依托单位: H.T. Harvey & Associates
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0335111&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Synthesize; Research; Priorities; McMurdo

The Antarctic freshwater-based ecosystem in the McMurdo Dry Valleys is one of the most completely studied ecosystems in Antarctic due to establishment of a Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) program. A very well studied marine ecosystem in the Antarctic is that of McMurdo Sound and the immediately adjacent southwestern Ross Sea. This is the result of several decades of research in the vicinity by three national research programs (the United States, New Zealand and Italy), including in-depth studies of circulation, sea ice variability, nutrient availability, primary productivity and algal composition, composition and productivity of the epontic community, benthic community organization, ecophysiology of fish, birds and seals, and the demography of resident seal and bird populations. A number of efforts have extended long enough through time to have assessed the long-term, decadal and interannual variability in circulation, sea ice and seals and bird demography, and benthic community composition; significant decadal and interannual signals have been identified. Despite this effort and the collection of ecological knowledge, a number of components and their linkages within the food web of McMurdo Sound remain poorly known. This workshop will examine the portfolio of past research and current understanding in order to prioritize research themes for the upcoming decades. In addition, the workshop will also examine the feasibility and value of establishing an LTER program in the vicinity of McMurdo to address deficiencies and to fully understand the critical interactions among ecosystem components so as to be able to predict ecological variations that are driven by large-scale changes in physical forcing (e.g., circulation, climate) as well as top-down forcing. The broader impacts of education and public outreach will be addressed in discussions. A McMurdo Sound LTER program would complement the LTER program already in operation in the western Antarctic Peninsula (Palmer LTER). Moreover, a McMurdo Sound LTER would take advantage of the substantial logistic and scientific resources available through the McMurdo Station Crary Lab and USAP personnel. To assess the feasibility and challenges of initiating an LTER program for McMurdo Sound, the workshop will both polar and non-polar scientists, with discipline and regional expertise. Also, attendees will include scientists from underrepresented groups and scientists from the international community. The results of the workshop will be disseminated broadly via a website.

南极麦克默多干谷淡水生态系统是南极长期生态研究计划（LTER）建立以来研究最全面的生态系统之一。南极洲的海洋生态系统研究得很好的是麦克默多海峡和紧邻的西南罗斯海。这是三个国家研究计划在附近几十年研究的结果（美国、新西兰和意大利），包括深入研究环流、海冰变化、营养物供应、初级生产力和藻类组成、浮游生物群落的组成和生产力、底栖生物群落组织、鱼类、鸟类和海豹的生态生理学，以及海豹和鸟类种群的人口统计学。若干努力的时间已经足够长，足以评估环流、海冰和海豹、鸟类数量以及底栖生物群落组成的长期、十年和年际变化;已经确定了重要的十年和年际信号。尽管作出了这些努力并收集了生态知识，但麦克默多湾食物网中的一些组成部分及其联系仍然知之甚少。本次研讨会将审查过去的研究和目前的理解，以优先考虑未来几十年的研究主题的组合。此外，研讨会还将研究在麦克默多附近建立LTER计划的可行性和价值，以解决不足之处，并充分了解生态系统组成部分之间的关键相互作用，以便能够预测由大规模物理强迫变化驱动的生态变化（例如，环流、气候）以及自上而下的强迫。在讨论中将讨论教育和公共宣传的广泛影响。一个麦克默多声音LTER计划将补充已经在南极半岛西部运行的LTER计划（帕尔默LTER）。此外，麦克默多声音LTER将利用麦默多站克拉里实验室和USAP人员提供的大量后勤和科学资源。为了评估为麦克默多海峡启动LTER计划的可行性和挑战，该研讨会将邀请极地和非极地科学家参加，他们具有学科和区域专业知识。此外，与会者将包括来自代表性不足的群体和来自国际社会的科学家的科学家。讲习班的成果将通过一个网站广泛传播。