Economic Growth, Social Inequality, and Environmental Change in Thailand and Cambodia

泰国和柬埔寨的经济增长、社会不平等和环境变化

• 批准号: 0433787
• 负责人: Alan Kolata
• 金额: $ 65万
• 依托单位: National Opinion Research Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-15 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0433787&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Economic; Growth; Social; Inequality; Environmental

Social inequality and income growth that varies considerably across households are larger in developing economies than conventional economic factors can explain. The researchers undertaking this interdisciplinary research project hypothesize that environmental, social, cultural, and historical variations interact with economic factors and affect households, villages, and regions differentially, thereby explaining inequality and a large amount of the residual variance in income growth. The investigators will examine these factors and construct models of the rural, peri-urban, and national economies in Thailand and Cambodia, particularly in the Lower Mekong River Basin. They will deploy the methods and insights of the spatial social sciences, especially spatial statistics, analysis of remotely sensed images, development of geographic information systems (GIS), and the testing and refinement of formal economic models based on new and existing empirical data sets. The work products of the study will be: (1) extensive empirical data sets and conceptual models that relate both physical (e.g., deforestation, water quality, land-use change) and social (e.g., migration patterns, income inequality, and cultural practices) variables to economic growth; and (2) tests of predictions made by formal models. The results of the research will have broad implications for understanding the whole Earth system, especially the ecological and socioeconomic bases of land-use, land-conversion, and resource sustainability in environments that are experiencing increasing economic activity, the emergence or intensification of social inequality, periodic social crises, and consequent environmental degradation.The research team represents an unusual combination of social, physical, and computer scientists, and the research will involve anthropology, economics, geography, land-use imagery, climatology, and computer science disciplines as a coherent whole. The project will contribute to the development of research and education capacity in Cambodia and Thailand as well as among advanced Ph.D. students in several disciplines in the United States. Women and ethnic minorities in the U.S. and abroad will play key roles as research associates, scientific technicians, survey team leaders and staff, and data-entry technicians among other roles. The investigators will focus quite explicitly on training, education, and human capital development in rural areas. The project will contribute to the development of economic, social, and environmental policy, and the data sets and models that we produce will be useful for planning and managing the kinds of land-cover conversion that may occur in the future. The U.S. investigators will collaborate intensively with several Thai Universities and with government agencies and ministries and non-governmental organizations in Thailand (such as the Bank of Thailand and the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives), and in Cambodia (such as the Ministry of the Environment, the Ministry of Planning, and the Center for Khmer Studies.) This award is made as part of the FY 2004 Human and Social Dynamics (HSD) portfolio, following a competition that involved participation from all NSF Directorates and Offices. HSD awards are administered through specific programs that may change over the duration of the award. Management of all HSD awards is coordinated on an NSF-wide basis.

发展中经济体的社会不平等和收入增长在不同家庭之间差异很大，超出了传统经济因素的解释范围。 从事这一跨学科研究项目的研究人员假设，环境、社会、文化和历史变化与经济因素相互作用，对家庭、村庄和地区产生不同的影响，从而解释了收入增长中的不平等和大量剩余方差。 研究人员将研究这些因素，并构建泰国和柬埔寨，特别是湄公河下游流域的农村，城市周边和国民经济的模型。他们将运用空间社会科学的方法和见解，特别是空间统计、遥感图像分析、地理信息系统的开发以及基于新的和现有的经验数据集的正式经济模型的测试和改进。 这项研究的工作成果将是：（1）广泛的经验数据集和概念模型，将物理（例如，森林砍伐、水质、土地使用变化）和社会（例如，移民模式，收入不平等和文化习俗）变量对经济增长的影响;（2）正式模型预测的检验。 研究结果将对理解整个地球系统产生广泛的影响，特别是在经济活动不断增加、社会不平等出现或加剧、周期性社会危机以及随之而来的环境退化的环境中，土地利用、土地转换和资源可持续性的生态和社会经济基础。和计算机科学家，研究将涉及人类学，经济学，地理学，土地使用图像，气候学和计算机科学学科作为一个连贯的整体。 该项目将促进柬埔寨和泰国的研究和教育能力的发展，并提高高级博士生的研究和教育能力。在美国的几个学科的学生。 美国和国外的妇女和少数民族将在研究助理、科学技术人员、调查小组组长和工作人员以及数据输入技术人员等方面发挥关键作用。 调查人员将非常明确地关注农村地区的培训、教育和人力资本发展。 该项目将有助于经济，社会和环境政策的发展，我们产生的数据集和模型将有助于规划和管理未来可能发生的土地覆盖转换。 美国调查人员将与泰国的几所大学、政府机构、部委和非政府组织（如泰国银行、农业和农业合作社银行）以及柬埔寨（如环境部、规划部和高棉研究中心）密切合作。 该奖项是作为2004财政年度人类和社会动力学（HSD）组合的一部分，在所有NSF董事会和办事处参与的竞争之后颁发的。 HSD奖励是通过特定的计划管理的，这些计划可能会在奖励期间发生变化。 所有HSD奖的管理是在整个国家科学基金会的基础上协调的。