NIRT: Semiconductor nanostructures and photonic crystal microcavities for quantum information processing at Terahertz frequencies

NIRT：用于太赫兹频率量子信息处理的半导体纳米结构和光子晶体微腔摘要这项资助将探索拟议的半导体量子信息处理器(QIP)中元素的基本物理，该处理器具有潜在的可扩展到~1000量子比特(Qbit)的潜力。在设想的QIP中，量子比特是电子的两个最低轨道态，它们要么绑定到GaAs中的浅施主(D0)，要么束缚在被称为量子破折号(QDA)的细长自组装量子点中。QDA将通过分子束外延在图案化的衬底上生长。基于D0和QDA的量子比特的共振频率将在1到4太赫兹(THz)之间。这些量子比特的能量弛豫和退相干速率将被测量，预计会很慢，因为共振频率远远低于光学声子的频率。此外，还将制作和表征用于太赫兹频率的GaAs和Si光子晶体谐振器。最后，将量子比特结合到谐振器中，并将研究谐振器和量子比特之间的可逆能量耦合。这项研究计划在两个科技前沿开展工作：利用量子力学进行信息处理，以及开发1到10太赫兹(太赫兹-1太赫兹=一万亿周期/S)的电磁频谱部分。这项研究将探索半导体中量子信息处理的新方法，增强我们对简单量子系统及其半导体主体之间的信息和能量传递的基本理解，并创造新的材料和结构来存储太赫兹光并控制其与物质的相互作用。

NIRT: Semiconductor nanostructures and photonic crystal microcavities for quantum information processing at Terahertz frequenciesAbstractThis grant will explore the fundamental physics of elements in a proposed semiconducting quantum information processor (QIP) which is potentially scalable to ~1000 quantum bits (qubits). The qubits in the envisioned QIP are the two lowest orbital states of electrons bound to shallow donors (D0) in GaAs or bound in elongated self-assembled quantum dots called quantum dashes (QDAs). QDAs will be grown by molecular beam epitaxy on patterned substrates. The resonance frequency of D0 and QDA-based qubits will be between 1 and 4 Terahertz (THz). The energy relaxation and decoherence rates of these qubits will be measured, and are predicted to be slow because the resonant frequencies are well below that of an optical phonon. GaAs and Si Photonic crystal resonators for THz frequencies will also be fabricated and characterized. Finally, qubits will be incorporated into resonators and reversible coupling of energy between the resonator and qubits will be investigated. This research program works at two scientific and technological frontiers: harnessing quantum mechanics for information processing, and developing the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between 1 and 10 THz (THz-1 THz=one trillion cycles/s). The research will explore a new approach to quantum information processing in semiconductors, enhance our fundamental understanding of the transfer of information and energy between simple quantum systems and their semiconducting hosts, and create new materials and structures in which to store THz light and control its interaction with matter.