IPY: Long Term Human Ecodynamics in the Norse North Atlantic: cases of sustainability, survival, and collapse.

IPY：北欧北大西洋的长期人类生态动力学：可持续性、生存和崩溃的案例。

• 批准号: 0732327
• 负责人: Thomas McGovern
• 金额: $ 74.71万
• 依托单位: CUNY Hunter College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2011-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0732327&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IPY; Long; Term; Human; Ecodynamics

IPY: Long Term Human Ecodynamics in the Norse North Atlantic: cases of sustainability, survival, and collapse.Why do societies succeed or fail when confronted with climate change, culture contact, and the unexpected outcomes of long term human impact upon landscape and resources? North Atlantic provides some unique case studies for the collaborative, cross-disciplinary study of these fundamental questions. Just over 1000 years ago, a wave of Viking-Age Scandinavian colonization brought a common culture, language, and set of economic strategies from Norway to Newfoundland. By 1800, these once uniform island communities had experienced radically different fates: the Greenland colony was totally extinct, Icelanders were barely surviving in a heavily eroded landscape, and the Faroese were continuing a stable and successfully sustainable thousand year long adaptation with apparently little erosion or population loss. These contrasting case studies provide the focus for an international, interdisciplinary project that makes use of the International Polar Year (IPY) initiative to bring together scholars, students, and local community members from Greenland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands in a cooperative effort to; 1) Understand the complex dynamics of human-environment interaction on the millennial scale, human impact on island flora, fauna, and soils, sustainable and unsustainable resource use, the impacts of climate change, interactions between subsistence and exchange economies; 2) Collect and analyze directly comparable data sets (artifacts, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, geoarchaeology) from coordinated regional-scale excavations taking place on all three islands as an IPY surge activity, sharing gear, specialists, and excavation staff for inter-comparability,3) Involve local communities in the research effort and aid them in making inter-island connections which will aid their own outreach efforts, 4) Engage US and international students at high school, undergraduate, and graduate level in fieldwork and in the development of K-12 classroom materials.

IPY：北大西洋北部的长期人类生态动力学：可持续性、生存和崩溃的案例。当面临气候变化、文化接触和人类对景观和资源的长期影响的意外结果时，为什么社会会成功或失败？北大西洋公约组织为这些基本问题的合作、跨学科研究提供了一些独特的案例研究。就在1000多年前，北欧海盗时代的殖民浪潮将共同的文化、语言和一套经济战略从挪威带到了纽芬兰。到1800年，这些曾经统一的岛屿社区经历了截然不同的命运：格陵兰殖民地完全灭绝，冰岛人在严重侵蚀的地形中勉强生存，法罗人继续稳定和成功地持续数千年的适应，显然几乎没有侵蚀或人口损失。这些对比鲜明的案例研究为一个国际跨学科项目提供了重点，该项目利用国际极地年(IPY)倡议，将来自格陵兰、冰岛和法罗群岛的学者、学生和当地社区成员聚集在一起，合作努力：1)了解千年尺度上人类-环境相互作用的复杂动态，人类对岛屿动植物和土壤的影响，可持续和不可持续的资源利用，气候变化的影响，生存经济和交换经济之间的相互作用；2)收集和分析在所有三个岛屿上进行的协调区域规模的发掘(文物、动物考古学、考古植物学、地质考古学)的直接可比数据集，作为国际地球年的一项激增活动，共享设备、专家和挖掘人员以进行相互比较；3)让当地社区参与研究工作并帮助他们建立岛间联系，这将有助于他们自己的外联工作；4)让美国和国际学生在高中、本科生和研究生水平上进行实地考察并编写K-12课堂材料。