Profiling Translated mRNAs from the Organ to Specific Cell Level for Modeling Mechanisms of Gene Regulation and Response to Hypoxia

Bailey-Serres提案#IOS-0750811分析从器官到特定细胞水平的mRNA翻译，用于模拟基因调控和对缺氧的反应机制植物和动物利用大气中的氧气产生细胞功能所需的能量。当氧气水平降低时，这些生物体会做出微妙的反应。当田地被洪水淹没时，这可能发生在植物的根部，或者在心脏病发作或中风时发生在脑细胞中。目的是了解细胞忍受短暂缺氧的过程。重点是通过改变从基因转录本（基因和蛋白质之间的中间体）合成蛋白质的方式来保存细胞能量。在植物和动物中，缺氧的细胞在蛋白质合成中变得更具选择性。这是通过储存大多数基因转录本而发生的。然而，一些基因转录本逃脱了这种抑制;这些转录本通常编码细胞应对压力所需的蛋白质。本项目将研究缺氧条件下基因转录本使用的调控。这将包括对根和芽以及特定细胞层的管理进行评估。这种分析将提供以前没有获得的分辨率水平-产生关于器官和专门细胞中发生的应激反应的信息。这项研究还将解决细胞储存基因转录本的机制，以节省能量。更广泛的影响将是对科学家的跨学科培训：一名生物学家将接受计算机科学培训，一名化学家将接受植物生理学培训。本科生，其中一些人将来自小学院，将获得实践研究经验。另一个更广泛的影响将是向研究界提供植物品系，可用于监测与专门细胞类型中的蛋白质合成机制相关的基因转录本。

Bailey-Serres Proposal # IOS-0750811Profiling Translated mRNAs from the Organ to Specific Cell Level for Modeling Mechanisms of Gene Regulation and Response to HypoxiaPlants and animals use oxygen from the atmosphere to produce the energy needed for cell function. These organisms respond in an exquisite manner when oxygen levels are diminished. This can occur in plant roots when a field is flooded or in a brain cell during a heart attack or stroke. The goal is to understand the process by which cells endure transient periods of inadequate oxygen. The focus is on the conservation of cellular energy that occurs through a change in the manner in which proteins are synthesized from gene transcripts - the intermediate between gene and protein. In plants, as well as in animals, cells that lack oxygen become more selective in protein synthesis. This occurs by storing most gene transcripts. However, some gene transcripts escape this repression; these generally encode the proteins that the cell requires to cope with the stress. This project will study the regulation of gene transcript use during oxygen deprivation. This will include evaluation of the management in the root and the shoot, as well as in specific layers of cells. This analysis will provide a level of resolution that has previously not been obtained - yielding information on the response to the stress that occurs in organs and specialized cells. The research will also address the mechanism by which cells store gene transcripts, in order to spare energy. A broader impact will be cross-disciplinary training of scientists: a biologist, will be trained in computer science and a chemist will be trained in plant physiology. Undergraduate students, some of whom will be from small colleges, will gain hands-on research experience. Another broader impact will be the provision of plant lines to the research community that can be used to monitor gene transcripts associated with the protein synthesis machinery in specialized cell types.