Novel techniques for cardiac imaging

心脏成像新技术

• 批准号: 0806304
• 负责人: Alexander Katsevich
• 金额: $ 22.1万
• 依托单位: The University of Central Florida Board of Trustees
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0806304&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Novel; techniques; cardiac; imaging

Cone beam computer tomography (CT) is a common medical imaging modality. The main principle of CT is based on transmitting a cone beam of x-rays through the patient from various directions. This is achieved by moving the x-ray source along some trajectory. For each source position a detector measures the intensity of the beam as it exits the patient. Then the data are inverted according to a mathematical algorithm. Prime examples of cone beam CT are helical and C-arm scanning. At present, cardiac imaging is arguably the most important challenge facing CT. Mathematically the difficulty of image reconstruction in this case comes from the fact that the object being scanned changes with time. Thus, for each source position the projection data corresponds to a different object. In this project the PI plans to concentrate on the following three directions: 1) Development of exact and efficient reconstruction algorithms for multi-source helical CT; 2) Development of exact and efficient reconstruction algorithms for the types of source trajectories used in C-arms; and 3) Development of local tomography algorithms for dynamic and motion compensated CT. The intellectual merit of the proposed activity will be the development of new reconstruction algorithms for cone beam CT and deeper understanding of the mathematics involved in reconstructing objects that change during the scan. It is expected that the broader impacts will include improved quality of cardiac imaging, potentially resulting in replacing an invasive diagnostic tool with a non-invasive one. The obtained results can also be used in other medical applications, such as nuclear medicine and Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy.

锥形束计算机断层扫描（CT）是一种常见的医学成像方式。 CT 的主要原理是从各个方向发射锥形 X 射线束穿过患者。这是通过沿着某个轨迹移动 X 射线源来实现的。对于每个源位置，探测器测量光束离开患者时的强度。然后根据数学算法对数据进行反演。锥形束 CT 的主要例子是螺旋扫描和 C 形臂扫描。目前，心脏成像可以说是 CT 面临的最重要的挑战。从数学上讲，这种情况下图像重建的困难来自于被扫描的物体随时间变化的事实。因此，对于每个源位置，投影数据对应于不同的对象。在该项目中，PI计划重点关注以下三个方向：1）开发精确高效的多源螺旋CT重建算法； 2）针对C型臂中使用的源轨迹类型开发精确有效的重建算法； 3) 开发动态和运动补偿 CT 的局部断层扫描算法。所提议活动的智力价值将是开发锥形束 CT 的新重建算法，以及对重建扫描过程中变化的物体所涉及的数学有更深入的理解。预计更广泛的影响将包括提高心脏成像的质量，从而可能导致用非侵入性诊断工具取代侵入性诊断工具。获得的结果还可用于其他医学应用，例如核医学和调强放射治疗。