SGER: Fundamentals of Kinetic to Electrical Energy Conversion via Magnetic Fluids

SGER：通过磁流体将动能转换为电能的基础知识

• 批准号: 0813598
• 负责人: Diana-Andra Borca-Tasciuc
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0813598&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Fundamentals; Kinetic; Electrical; Energy

CBET-0813598Borca-TasciucAlthough there are several ambient energy sources suitable for energy scavenging applications including solar, thermal and kinetic energy sources, mechanical vibration energy harvesting is often most appealing as vibrations are ubiquitous. However, environmental vibrations are in the low frequency range (200 Hz). This makes difficult the development of efficient microscale converters based on the harmonic oscillator approach since the fundamental frequency of these devices is orders of magnitude higher. The research outlined in this study focuses on proof-of-concept demonstrations of a novel concept for kinetic to electrical energy conversion via magnetic fluids (suspensions of magnetic particles in a liquid). The idea is to employ the motion of a liquid induced by mechanical vibrations in order to actuate a periodic change in the net magnetic moment of a collection of magnetic particles suspended in the liquid. In the proposed mechanism of power harvesting, the liquid motion periodically rotates the particles along with their magnetic moment and the collective effect gives rise to an electromotive force in a nearby coil. To provide the collective effect, alignment of the magnetic moments of the particles in the fluid is obtained by subjecting the fluid to a uniform magnetic field. Wireless, autonomous sensor networks could enable continuous, pervasive monitoring and control in numerous applications such as equipment diagnostic and control, motor vehicle, plane and structure monitoring, in-vivo, real time biomedical monitoring, smart clothing as well as intelligence and surveillance operations. Furthermore, a rapidly emerging application of wireless sensors and actuators which is of critical importance is home automation networks, where they play a key role in the management of power consumption. Essential to the successful implementation of any microsensor network is developing local, microscale energy sources to provide electrical power to individual sensors/actuators, since in many cases using batteries is not a viable solution.

CBET-0813598 Borca-Tasciu虽然有几种环境能源适合于能源回收应用，包括太阳能、热能和动能，但机械振动能量收集通常是最有吸引力的，因为振动无处不在。然而，环境振动是在低频率范围(200赫兹)。这使得基于谐振子方法的高效微型转换器的开发变得困难，因为这些器件的基频要高出几个数量级。本研究概述的研究重点是通过磁性液体(磁性颗粒在液体中的悬浮)将动能转换为电能的新概念的概念验证演示。这个想法是利用机械振动引起的液体运动，以使悬浮在液体中的一组磁性粒子的净磁矩发生周期性变化。在所提出的能量收集机制中，液体运动使粒子随着磁矩周期性地旋转，集体效应在附近的线圈中产生电动势。为了提供集体效应，通过使流体处于均匀磁场中来获得流体中颗粒的磁矩的对准。无线、自主的传感器网络可以在许多应用中实现连续、普遍的监测和控制，如设备诊断和控制、机动车辆、飞机和结构监测、活体、实时生物医学监测、智能服装以及智能和监视行动。此外，无线传感器和执行器的一个迅速崛起的至关重要的应用是家庭自动化网络，在家庭自动化网络中，它们在能耗管理中发挥着关键作用。成功实施任何微型传感器网络的关键是开发当地的微型能源，为单个传感器/执行器提供电力，因为在许多情况下，使用电池并不是一个可行的解决方案。