A New Paradigm for Scalable Fabrication of Polymer Nanofibers by Bulk Shear and Phase Separation

通过体积剪切和相分离可扩展制造聚合物纳米纤维的新范例

• 批准号: 0927554
• 负责人: Orlin Velev
• 金额: $ 19.2万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0927554&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Paradigm; Scalable; Fabrication; Polymer

The research objective of this award is to develop a new efficient and scalable technique for the fabrication of polymer fibers as small as 200 nm in diameter from a number of solution-processed polymers. It is based on a bulk process of antisolvent-induced precipitation under shear stress in viscous media. The project will allow moving the technology from exploratory research to the engineered fabrication of regular and composite nanofibers. It will seek to establish universal molecular entanglement rules for fiber formation. Polymer-solvent interactions will be investigated to quantify the competitive kinetics of fiber formation, due to shear and phase separation, and fiber hardening, due to solvent and antisolvent diffusion. This method has specific advantages for production of composite fibers since it does not involve extrusion through nozzles and avoids the problem of clogging due to particle aggregation. Principles for making functional fibers and rods will be established. These fibers and rods will contain catalytic and magnetic nanoparticles, enzymes and cellulose nanocrystals. If successful, this research will result in new large-scale technologies for making functional micro- and nanofibers. Such economic nanofiber production could immediately improve the prospects of manufacturing of highly efficient filters, functional textiles, scaffolds for tissue engineering, and substrates for flexible electronics and immobilized biocatalysts. The method allows the creation of biodegradable and multifunctional fibers by incorporation of inorganic and organic particles and biomolecules. It can be specifically relevant for sustainable technologies, since it is capable of creating high value products from solutions produced during polymer recycling. A postdoctoral researcher will be trained in a combination of fundamental science with technology development, entrepreneurship and interactions with industrial researchers. The project will also provide a training ground for undergraduate researchers as its scientific components relate to environmental protection and sustainable technologies.

该奖项的研究目标是开发一种新的高效和可扩展的技术，用于从许多溶液处理的聚合物中制造直径小于200 nm的聚合物纤维。它是基于粘性介质中剪切应力下的抗溶剂诱导析出的整体过程。该项目将使这项技术从探索性研究转向规则和复合纳米纤维的工程制造。它将寻求为纤维形成建立普遍的分子纠缠规则。将研究聚合物-溶剂相互作用，以量化由于剪切和相分离而形成的纤维的竞争动力学，以及由于溶剂和抗溶剂扩散而导致的纤维硬化。这种方法对于复合纤维的生产具有独特的优势，因为它不涉及通过喷嘴挤出，并避免了由于颗粒聚集而造成的堵塞问题。将建立制造功能纤维和棒材的原则。这些纤维和棒将包含催化和磁性纳米颗粒、酶和纤维素纳米晶。如果成功，这项研究将产生制造功能微米和纳米纤维的新的大规模技术。这种经济的纳米纤维生产可以立即改善高效过滤器、功能纺织品、组织工程支架以及柔性电子设备和固定化生物催化剂基板的制造前景。该方法允许通过掺入无机和有机颗粒以及生物分子来创建可生物降解的多功能纤维。它可能与可持续技术特别相关，因为它能够从聚合物回收过程中产生的解决方案创造出高价值的产品。博士后研究员将接受基础科学与技术开发、创业以及与工业研究人员互动的培训。该项目还将为本科生研究人员提供培训基础，因为其科学组成部分与环境保护和可持续技术有关。