CAREER: Single Functional Domain Wall Physics and Engineering with 1D Wall Waveguide

职业：单功能畴壁物理与一维壁波导工程

• 批准号: 1055938
• 负责人: Junqiao Wu
• 金额: $ 47.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1055938&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Single; Functional; Domain; Wall

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Tricking 'old' materials to offer new properties has been a tradition in materials science and engineering innovations. It is recognized that completely new functionalities may be stabilized at the nanometer-thick wall between two different domains of the same material. These domain walls can be written, moved, broadened, and erased by external stimuli. Thus, they present an exciting opportunity to investigate new low-dimensional physics that is otherwise inaccessible. They can also be used as an active element in a new technology leveraging the functionality, mobility, and truly nanoscale thickness of the walls to achieve much higher device density and lower energy consumption. This project explores the scientific foundations of domain wall technology by understanding and exploiting novel physics and functionalities of ferroic domain walls in oxide materials. Since domain walls exist ubiquitously in nature, a full understanding of their static and dynamic properties benefits our society by broadly impacting existing fields such as ferroelectricity, magnetism, shape memory alloys, and even seismology. The educational objective of this proposal is to build a program to broaden the impact of nanoscience both scientifically and societal in the San Francisco Bay area. TECHNICAL DETAILS: Future domain-wall technology could be implemented through ferroelectric, thermoelectric, optical, chemical, magnetic and structural functionalities present at the domain walls of a wide variety of materials. At present how to manipulate the domain walls without adversely affecting the desired wall functionality is unknown. Using locally injected point defects and globally imposed strain as control stimuli, the PI will create, image, pin, liberate, move, and erase single domain walls in a one-dimensional "wall waveguide". By doing so, the PI seeks to clear some fundamental roadblocks toward a full understanding of the physics and engineering principles of functional domain walls: i) the domain wall width and mobility will be tailored, ii) the wall functionality will be modulated and exploited for applications, iii) the Landau theory will be parametrized, the discoveries will be generalized, and iv) atomic-scale interfacial physics at the wall will be elucidated. Integrated with the research efforts, the PI has a unique educational program, entitled "Nano'ed", to prepare students for careers in areas of high national interest in either academia or industry. By emphasizing the common fundamentals that nanoscience shares with established subjects of physics, chemistry and mathematics, the PI is working on the following: i) creating a series of hands-on exhibits and experiments for K-12 students in partnership with the nearby museum Lawrence Hall of Science; ii) partnering with a campus education program in developing a unique summer class series in "Nanoscale Materials Science and Engineering" for underrepresented high school students; and iii) initiating and leading nanoscience activities in the San Francisco Bay area to transfer and exchange knowledge with industry and policy-makers, thus making the benefits of fundamental science research more tangible for society in general.

非技术性描述：欺骗“旧”材料以提供新的性能一直是材料科学和工程创新的传统。人们认识到，全新的功能可以稳定在纳米厚的壁之间的两个不同的域相同的材料。这些畴壁可以被外部刺激写入、移动、加宽和擦除。因此，它们提供了一个令人兴奋的机会来研究新的低维物理学，否则无法获得。它们还可以用作新技术中的有源元件，利用壁的功能性，移动性和真正的纳米级厚度，以实现更高的器件密度和更低的能耗。本项目通过理解和利用氧化物材料中铁性畴壁的新物理和功能来探索畴壁技术的科学基础。由于畴壁在自然界中无处不在，因此对其静态和动态特性的充分了解将通过广泛影响现有领域（如铁电性，磁性，形状记忆合金，甚至地震学）而使我们的社会受益。该提案的教育目标是建立一个计划，以扩大纳米科学在科学和社会上在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区的影响。技术规格：未来的畴壁技术可以通过各种材料的畴壁中存在的铁电、热电、光学、化学、磁性和结构功能来实现。目前，如何操纵畴壁而不对所需的壁功能产生不利影响是未知的。 使用局部注入的点缺陷和全局施加的应变作为控制刺激，PI将在一维“壁波导”中创建、成像、钉扎、释放、移动和擦除单畴壁。通过这样做，PI试图清除一些基本的障碍，以充分理解功能域壁的物理和工程原理：i）畴壁宽度和迁移率将被定制，ii）壁功能性将被调制并用于应用，iii）朗道理论将被参数化，发现将被推广，和iv）将阐明壁处的原子尺度界面物理。 与研究工作相结合，PI有一个独特的教育计划，题为“纳米”艾德”，为学生在学术界或工业界具有高度国家利益的领域的职业生涯做好准备。 通过强调纳米科学与物理，化学和数学等学科的共同基础，PI正在开展以下工作：i）与附近的劳伦斯科学馆合作，为K-12学生创建一系列动手展览和实验; ii）与校园教育计划合作，发展独特的“纳米材料科学与工程”暑期课程系列为代表性不足的高中生提供服务;以及iii）在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区发起和领导纳米科学活动，与工业界和政策制定者转让和交流知识，从而使基础科学研究的好处对整个社会更加切实。