RAPID: Immediate Behavioral Response to Earthquakes in New Zealand and Japan

RAPID：对新西兰和日本地震的立即行为反应

• 批准号: 1138612
• 负责人: Michael Lindell
• 金额: $ 4.5万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1138612&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Immediate; Behavioral; Response; Earthquakes

A substantial portion of the US population at risk from earthquakes lives and works in structures that are likely to experience partial or complete collapse in the event of a major earthquake. There is no technology available that provides forewarning of local earthquakes, so people?s immediate response to earthquake shaking is very likely to determine whether they survive the event. Unfortunately, the research literature on people?s immediate response to earthquake shaking is quite small in comparison to the literature on responses to tornadoes or hurricanes or even the literature on pre-impact seismic hazard adjustments. In part, this is because major earthquakes are rare events in the US so there are few opportunities to study them. This makes it especially important to collaborate with researchers in New Zealand and Japan to examine their residents? immediate responses to the recent earthquakes in Christchurch and Tohoku. The proposed project will send questionnaires to 1200 residents in areas stricken by the Christchurch and Tohoku earthquakes. Using our standard mail survey procedures, we expect to get a response rate in the range of 30-50%. This project will extend the American investigators? recent research on the earthquake and tsunami in American Samoa by documenting people?s behavioral response during the earthquake shaking and all of the actions they took during the next half hour after the shaking stopped. In addition, we will collect data and conduct analyses of the effects of physical context (e.g., location in open spaces, vehicles, and buildings of various types) and social context (e.g., alone, with children, with known adults, or with adult strangers), previous earthquake experience (e.g., damage or casualties), hazard education (e.g., meetings or brochures), and household emergency preparedness (e.g., emergency plan, emergency kit, battery radio) on people?s behavioral responses. A major contribution of this study will be to assess the effects of people?s immediate emotional reactions on their behavioral responses. Although people?s emotional reactions are likely to have a significant effect on their behavior, this class of variables has been almost completely ignored in previous research on earthquake response and has been studied inadequately even in the few cases when it has been addressed.

在大地震时可能会经历部分或完全崩溃的结构中，大部分面临地震危险的美国人口中的大部分人口。没有可用的技术可以很好地解放当地地震，因此人们对地震摇动的立即反应很可能确定他们是否能够幸存下来。不幸的是，与关于龙卷风或飓风的反应，甚至有关影响前Impact Imbact Imbact Impact危险危害调整的文献的文献相比，有关人们对地震摇动的直接反应的研究文献非常小。在某种程度上，这是因为主要地震是美国罕见事件，因此很少有机会研究它们。这使得与新西兰和日本的研究人员合作以检查其居民特别重要？立即对基督城和托霍库最近地震做出了反应。拟议的项目将向克赖斯特彻奇（Christchurch）和图库（Tohoku）地震陷入困境的地区向1200名居民发送问卷。使用我们的标准邮件调查程序，我们希望获得30-50％的回复率。这个项目将扩大美国调查人员？最近对美国萨摩亚地震和海啸的研究记录了地震摇晃期间的行为反应以及在摇晃停止后的接下来半小时中采取的所有行动。 In addition, we will collect data and conduct analyses of the effects of physical context (e.g., location in open spaces, vehicles, and buildings of various types) and social context (e.g., alone, with children, with known adults, or with adult strangers), previous earthquake experience (e.g., damage or casualties), hazard education (e.g., meetings or brochures), and household emergency preparedness (e.g., emergency plan, emergency kit, battery radio)关于人们的行为反应。这项研究的主要贡献是评估人们的直接情绪反应对他们的行为反应的影响。尽管人们的情感反应可能会对他们的行为产生重大影响，但这种类别的变量在先前的地震反应研究中几乎完全忽略了，即使在少数情况下，也已经对其进行了不充分的研究。