RAPID: Risk Area Residents' Response to Hurricane Harvey

RAPID：风险地区居民对飓风哈维的反应

• 批准号: 1760766
• 负责人: Michael Lindell
• 金额: $ 1.16万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2019-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760766&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Risk; Area; Residents; Response

Evacuation is a critical component in a community's disaster preparedness plan. The challenge is that lives can be lost during evacuations too. Such loss of life is especially likely in a hurricane with a late-changing track striking a major urban area because household evacuation preparation often places many evacuees on the road at the same time. Despite the best transportation planning models, major traffic jams commonly occur in the surge zone. This research will improve our understanding of the time it takes for households to receive warnings, prepare to evacuate, and choose their evacuation routes and destinations. It will also expand our knowledge of the role of demographic and experiential characteristics of these households to predict warning reception, evacuation preparation, and route/destination choice. This project will advance the scientific understanding of household hurricane evacuations by conducting a survey of 800 randomly selected households in Corpus Christi Texas. This survey has six specific objectives: 1) collect data on hurricane warning dissemination times, 2) collect data on household evacuation preparation times, 3) collect data on household evacuation logistics (e.g., route choices, destination choices, evacuation durations, and evacuation costs), 4) assess the ability of demographic, experiential, and risk perception data to predict evacuation departure times and evacuation logistics, 5) collect data on risk area occupants' observations of graphic displays of hurricane tracks, hurricane impacts, and evacuation guidance, and 6) assess the ability of demographic, experiential, and graphic displays to predict risk perception, evacuation decisions, and evacuation departure times. Understanding how long it takes for individuals to decide to evacuate and to actually evacuate is a critical and poorly understood part of evacuation models.

疏散是社区备灾计划的一个关键组成部分。挑战在于，在疏散过程中也可能有生命损失。这种生命损失在飓风袭击主要城市地区时尤其可能发生，因为家庭疏散准备工作往往会使许多疏散人员同时在路上。尽管有最好的交通规划模型，但主要的交通堵塞通常发生在激增区。这项研究将提高我们对家庭收到警报、准备疏散以及选择疏散路线和目的地所需时间的理解。它还将扩大我们对这些家庭的人口统计和经验特征的作用的了解，以预测警报接收，疏散准备和路线/目的地选择。该项目将通过对得克萨斯州科珀斯克里斯蒂随机选择的800户家庭进行调查，促进对家庭飓风疏散的科学理解。这项调查有六个具体目标：1）收集飓风警报传播时间的数据，2）收集家庭疏散准备时间的数据，3）收集家庭疏散物流的数据（例如，路线选择、目的地选择、疏散持续时间和疏散成本），4）评估人口统计、经验和风险感知数据预测疏散出发时间和疏散后勤的能力，5）收集关于风险区域居住者对飓风轨迹、飓风影响和疏散指导的图形显示的观察的数据，以及6）评估人口统计、经验，和图形显示来预测风险感知、疏散决策和疏散出发时间。了解个人决定疏散和实际疏散需要多长时间是疏散模型中一个关键但人们知之甚少的部分。