NeTS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Optimizing Network Support for Cloud Services: From Short-Term Measurements to Long-Term Planning

在线服务提供商（OSP）在世界各地的数据中心的服务器上托管各种应用程序服务，包括电子邮件、Web搜索、视频流和多人游戏。 每个服务都有特定的性能要求。 例如，Web搜索和多人游戏需要低延迟，而视频流和批量文件传输需要高吞吐量。 客户端通过性能差异很大的接入网络从各种地理位置访问这些服务。 OSP通过控制内容路由（选择哪个数据中心应服务于客户请求）和网络路由（选择到客户的域间路径，或OSP自己的骨干网内的路径），以及通过对未来数据中心和与上游ISP的关系进行长期规划，来影响客户端性能。不幸的是，OSP对端到端性能的可见性相对较差，并且不能调整内容和网络路由以最大化性能;此外，OSP运营商缺乏好的模型来决定在哪里放置下一个服务器或数据中心，或者选择哪些ISP作为邻居。为了满足在线服务的广域网需求，该项目正在设计、实现、部署，以及评估实用技术，使OSP能够根据有关端到端性能和传输成本的及时准确信息执行内容和网络路由（并做出长期布局决策）。 该项目正在开发技术，以帮助OSP运营商测量，控制和规划分布式服务与客户端之间以及服务器本身之间的广域连接。 项目任务包括：（1）设计性能测量技术并进行OSP流量管理的测量驱动研究;（2）设计、建模和原型化协议，用于OSP骨干网内的内容和网络路由以及流量管理的联合优化;（3）基于传输成本模型，推动服务器布局和ISP对等选择的长期规划。在野外？该项目将使用实验平台进行网络监控（BISmark、M-Lab，以及ISP骨干网络中的测量服务器（如果可用））、内容和网络路由（DONAR和Transit Portal）、云计算（VICCI）和可编程网络（OpenFlow）。 更广泛的影响：PI正在与行业合作，评估和部署运营网络上的解决方案。 他们还将继续在研究生网络课程开发方面进行密切合作，以将研究课题和实验平台纳入该项目。 作为项目推广的一部分，PI正在组织？夏令营？（借鉴他们早先为VINI和BISmark项目举办夏令营的经验）将代表性不足的学生带到他们的机构进行暑期实习。 PI还将与代表性不足的地区和机构合作，部署他们的基础设施，并让教师和学生参与使用平台的研究项目。

Online Service Providers (OSPs) host a wide range of application services, including email, Web search, video streaming, and multiplayer games, on servers in data centers all over the world. Each service has specific performance requirements. For example, Web search and multiplayer games need low latency, whereas video streaming and bulk file transfers need high throughput. Clients access these services from a wide variety of geographic locations over access networks with wildly different performance. Offering good performance to these diverse clients at a reasonable cost is the life blood of any OSP.OSPs affect client performance by controlling content routing (selecting which data center should serve a client request) and network routing (selecting interdomain paths to clients, or paths within the OSP's own backbone), and by longer-term planning of future data centers and relationships with upstream ISPs. Unfortunately, OSPs have relatively poor visibility into end-to-end performance and do not adapt both content and network routing to maximize performance; in addition, OSP operators lack good models for deciding where to place the next server or data center, or which ISPs to select as neighbors.To address the wide-area networking needs of online services, this project is designing, implementing, deploying, and evaluating practical techniques that allow OSPs to perform content and network routing (and make longer-term placement decisions), based on timely and accurate information about end-to-end performance and transit costs. The project is developing techniques to help OSP operators measure, control, and plan the wide-area connectivity between distributed services and their clients, and between the servers themselves. The project tasks include: (1) designing performance-measurement techniques and conduct measurement-driven studies of OSP traffic management; (2) designing, modeling, and prototyping protocols for joint optimization of content and network routing, and traffic management within an OSP backbone; and (3) driving long-term planning of server placement and ISP peer selection based on models of transit costs.To evaluate our algorithms together, and ?in the wild?, the project will use experimental platforms for network monitoring (BISmark, M-Lab, and, where available, measurement servers in ISP backbone networks), content and network routing (DONAR and Transit Portal), cloud computing (VICCI), and programmable networking (OpenFlow). Broader Impact:The PIs are working with industry to evaluate and deploy the solutions on operational networks. They will also continue their close collaboration on graduate networking curriculum development to include the research topics and experimental platforms in this project. As part of the project outreach, the PIs are organizing ?summer camps? (drawing on their earlier experiences with summer camps for the VINI and BISmark projects) to bring under-represented students to their institutions for summer internships. The PIs will also work with under-represented regions and institutions to deploy their infrastructure and engage faculty and students in research projects using the platforms.