Collaborative Research: Heterogeneous Bubble Dynamics in Volcanic Conduits

合作研究：火山管道中的非均质气泡动力学

基本信息

批准号：
1250451
负责人：
Helge Gonnermann
金额：
$ 12.98万
依托单位：
William Marsh Rice University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1250451&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Heterogeneous Bubble Dynamics

项目摘要

Volcanic eruptions can have significant impact on life, infrastructure, commerce and climate. Erupting magma is a mixture of hot rock fragments (formerly magma), such as volcanic ash, and volcanic gases that are transported to surface as bubbles within the erupting magma. Bubbles may both, confine magmatic gases potentially resulting in large excess gas pressures, or they may facilitate syneruptive gas loss by forming permeable networks during bubble coalescence. Consequently, bubbles play a crucial role in a feedback with magma ascent rate and affect the style and explosive intensity of eruptions.This project will further our quantitative understanding of the various processes that affect bubbles and magmatic gases during volcanic eruptions. We will develop a new bubble-scale numerical model for bubble growth, deformation and coalescence. The model will be calibrated to laboratory experiments that are specifically designed to facilitate the integration of empirical data. The bubble-scale model will then be coupled with a multiphase conduit flow model to address problems such as (1) the spatiotemporal evolution of gas pressure in an erupting magma with a polydisperse bubble size distribution; (2) the implications for magma fragmentation; (3) bubble coalescence during shear deformation of the erupting magma; (4) open-system gas loss by permeable flow through coalesced bubbles; and (5) shear localization within the ascending magma.

火山喷发可能会对生活，基础设施，商业和气候产生重大影响。爆发的岩浆是热岩碎片（以前是岩浆）的混合物，例如火山灰和火山气体，这些气体被运输到爆发的岩浆中的气泡中。气泡可能两者都可以限制岩浆气体可能导致大量过量的气体压力，或者它们可能通过在气泡结合过程中形成可渗透的网络来促进气体损失。因此，气泡在岩浆上升速度的反馈中起着至关重要的作用，并影响喷发的样式和爆炸性强度。此项目将进一步了解我们对影响火山喷发期间气泡和岩浆气体的各种过程的定量理解。我们将开发一个新的气泡尺度数值模型，用于气泡生长，变形和合并。该模型将被校准为专门设计的实验室实验，以促进经验数据的整合。然后，气泡尺度模型将与多相管道流模型结合使用，以解决（1）爆发的岩浆中气体压力的时空演化，并具有多分散的气泡尺寸分布；（2）对岩浆碎片的影响；（3）爆发岩浆剪切变形期间的气泡聚集；（4）通过可渗透的流经聚集气泡的开放系统气体损失；（5）在上升岩浆中进行剪切定位。