IDR/Collaborative Research: Activities in Thermal Spray Processing and Volcanology

IDR/合作研究：热喷涂加工和火山学方面的活动

• 批准号: 1015069
• 负责人: Helge Gonnermann
• 金额: $ 21.05万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1015069&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDR; Collaborative; Research; Activities; Thermal

The research objective of this Interdisciplinary Research (IDR) collaborative award is to explore interdisciplinary parallels between volcanology and thermal spray materials processing, notably the behavior of molten materials at extreme temperatures and pressures. Volcanic magma is subjected to high (700-1200°C) temperatures and pressures approaching 1000 atmospheres. Thermal spray involves impinging molten (1000-2000°C) metallic or ceramic micro-particles at 100-200 m/s onto substrates, where instantaneous pressures can reach 10000 atmospheres underneath the impacting "splat". The collaborative link stems from a recent discovery of highly nanoporous structures on the underside of frozen splats, the hypothesized mechanism of which is bubble nucleation due to rapid depressurization; this is known to occur in magma during volcanic eruption. Accordingly, existing geologic models and controlled thermal spray processing will be used to better understand this phenomenon for a wide range of materials and environmental variables. The approach taken will be to (1) utilize volcanologic modeling techniques and experimental parameter space to explore the capability of thermal spray to produce "geo-inspired" nanoporous thin films and coatings on a useful scale and (2) use thermal spray processing, specifically splat formation, to develop microscale experiments in which the high-temperature properties of volcanic materials may be measured systematically.If successful, the benefits of this research will include robust design tools to fabricate useful nanoporous surfaces and structures of a wide range of materials using thermal spray, a multi-billion dollar industry with significant infrastructure. This would also introduce a new technological "pull" for thermal spray driving further fundamental studies and innovation. In addition, it would create a reliable tool to address highly debated topics in magma behavior, important for understanding and prediction of eruptions. For outreach, the program will take advantage of the highly visible and dynamic nature of both fields, to facilitate dissemination of complex scientific concepts to undergraduates, under-represented pre-collegiate students, and senior citizens.

这项跨学科研究（IDR）协作奖的研究目标是探索火山学和热喷雾材料处理之间的跨学科相似之处，尤其是在极端温度和压力下熔融材料的行为。火山岩浆受到高（700-1200°C）的温度，接近1000个气氛。热喷雾涉及撞击100-200 m/s的金属或陶瓷微粒熔融（1000-2000°C）上的底物，在底物上，瞬时压力可以达到影响“ Splat”下方的10000大气层。从最近发现的高度纳米孔结构在冷冻夹层的下方发现的协作链接步骤，由于快速降低，其假设的机制是泡泡成核的假设机制；已知这在火山喷发期间发生在岩浆中。根据以下内容，现有的地质模型和受控热量。喷雾处理将用于更好地了解各种材料和环境变量的现象。所采用的方法将是（1）利用火山学建模技术和实验参数空间来探索热喷雾的能力，可以在有用的尺度上产生“地理启发”的纳米孔薄膜和涂料，并且（2）使用热喷雾处理，特定的splat形成，以衡量这些高度计算的材料，这些材料可能会衡量，这些材料可能会构成高度检验的质量。将包括强大的设计工具，用于制造有用的纳米方面以及使用Thermal Spray的各种材料的结构，这是一个数十亿美元的工业，具有重要的基础设施。这也将引入一种新的技术“拉动”，用于进行热喷涂进一步的基础研究和创新。此外，它将创建一个可靠的工具来解决岩浆行为中高度争议的主题，这对于理解和预测喷发很重要。对于外展活动，该计划将利用这两个领域的高度可见和动态性质，以促进复杂的科学概念传播，以本科生，代表性不足的预科学生和老年人。