Collaborative Research: Chamber or Conduit - Constraining Explosive Through Effusive Eruption at Cordon Caulle, Chile 2011/12

合作研究：室或管道 - 通过在智利 Cordon Caulle 的喷发来限制爆炸物 2011/12

• 批准号: 1824252
• 负责人: Helge Gonnermann
• 金额: $ 24.87万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1824252&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Chamber; Conduit; Constraining

Volcanic eruptions pose one of the principal hazards at tectonically active continental margins, such as the Pacific northwestern United States, which are of ever increasing economic and existential importance to expanding populations. The project will enhance knowledge of the conditions that lead to eruptions of silica-rich magmas, which can be large and impactful. Achieving this goal is contingent upon the integration of observations through reliable physics-based models that have been tested in their predictive capabilities. This is the project's principal focus and it will advance understanding of the fundamental processes that determine the progression of volcanic eruptions, from inception to cessation, which remains difficult to forecast. Consequently, the project transcends the purely academic and is societally relevant by advancing natural hazard assessment capabilities. Furthermore, the project supports education by enabling the interdisciplinary training of graduate and undergraduate students as well as a postdoctoral scholar, thus contributing to the development of a diverse and globally competitive workforce.The project's objective is to advance fundamental knowledge of how volcanoes work by simulating a volcanic eruption from initial explosive activity through lava effusion, to termination of the eruption and post-eruptive inflation, using the 2011/12 Cordon Caulle eruption in Chile as a case study. For this eruption the run-up, the syn-eruptive evolution, and the post-eruptive reconfiguration of the volcanic system were documented in unprecedented detail. The eruption was initially explosive and over time eruption rates decreased with activity shifting from purely explosive to effusive, resulting in the formation of a large lava flow and shallow laccolith. The current view about these types of eruptions is that over some range of identical conditions effusive or explosive activity is possible and with potentially rapid transitions from one to the other. One goal of the project is the assessment of conditions resulting in transitions in eruptive activity in order to test this explosive-effusive bistability hypothesis. Moreover, rapid post-eruptive inflation was observed and a further goal is to assess the extent to which the system has been driven back toward a critical state. These goals will be achieved by integrating the different observational data within extensive physics-based model simulations that will lead to improvements in model reliability and further our understanding of underlying processes at Cordon Caulle and similar hazardous volcanic systems elsewhere. The project as such is multi-disciplinary and encompasses geochemistry, petrology and geodesy, in addition to numerical simulation of magma storage and eruption. As a consequence, the project is also multi-institutional and in addition to existing observations, new data will be acquired through efforts led by the other collaborating institutions. The portion of the project that Rice University will focus on - in collaboration with the other institutions - are the numerical simulation and the integration of the different types of observational data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

火山喷发是构造活跃的大陆边缘的主要危险之一，例如美国西北部的太平洋地区，这些地区对不断扩大的人口具有日益增长的经济和生存重要性。该项目将加强对导致富含硅质岩浆喷发条件的了解，富含硅质的岩浆喷发可能会很大，影响很大。实现这一目标取决于通过可靠的基于物理的模型进行观测的整合，这些模型的预测能力已得到测试。这是该项目的主要重点，它将促进对决定火山喷发从开始到停止的基本过程的理解，而这一过程仍然很难预测。因此，该项目超越了纯粹的学术，并通过提高自然灾害评估能力而具有社会意义。此外，该项目通过对研究生和本科生以及博士后学者进行跨学科培训来支持教育，从而促进发展一支多样化和具有全球竞争力的劳动力队伍。该项目的目标是以2011/12年智利科登考勒火山喷发为案例，通过模拟火山喷发从最初的爆发活动到熔岩喷发，再到火山喷发和喷发后的膨胀，促进对火山如何工作的基本知识的了解。对于这次喷发，火山系统的启动、同步演化和喷发后的重组都被史无前例地详细记录下来。喷发最初是爆炸性的，随着时间的推移，喷发率下降，活动从纯粹的爆炸性转变为喷涌，导致大量熔岩流动和浅层岩层的形成。目前对这些类型的喷发的看法是，在某种相同的条件下，喷发或爆炸性活动是可能的，并且有可能从一种喷发迅速过渡到另一种喷发。该项目的目标之一是评估导致喷发活动转变的条件，以检验这一爆炸性-喷涌双稳性假说。此外，还观察到了爆发后的快速通货膨胀，另一个目标是评估系统已在多大程度上被推向危急状态。这些目标将通过将不同的观测数据整合到广泛的基于物理的模型模拟中来实现，这将导致模型可靠性的提高，并进一步加深我们对Cordon Caulle和其他类似危险火山系统潜在过程的理解。该项目本身是多学科的，除了岩浆储存和喷发的数值模拟外，还包括地球化学、岩石学和大地测量学。因此，该项目也是多机构的，除了现有的观察数据外，还将通过其他合作机构领导的努力获得新的数据。莱斯大学将与其他机构合作，专注于该项目的数值模拟和不同类型观测数据的整合。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Feasibility of melt segregation from a crystal mush in response to the 2011–2012 eruption at Cordón Caulle, Chile

响应 2011 年至 2012 年智利科东考勒火山喷发，从晶体糊中熔体分离的可行性

• DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggad259
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Geophysical Journal International
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Phelps, Patrick R.;Gonnermann, Helge M.;Winslow, Heather;Ruprecht, Philipp;Pritchard, Matthew E.;Delgado, Francisco;Liao, Yang
• 通讯作者: Liao, Yang

Exploring the Role of Mafic Magmas and Their Volatile Content During the 2011-12 Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Eruption

探索 2011-12 Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 喷发期间镁铁质岩浆及其挥发物含量的作用

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: 9-13 Dec.
• 作者: Winslow, H.;Ruprecht, P.;Phelps, P.;Pritchard, M.;Delgado, F.;Munoz-Saez, C.;Amigo, A.
• 通讯作者: Amigo, A.

Outgassing through magmatic fractures enables effusive eruption of silicic magma

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107617
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: J. Crozier;S. Tramontano;P. Forte;S. Oliva;H. Gonnermann;E. Lev;M. Manga;M. Myers;E. Rader;P. Ruprecht;H. Tuffen;R. Paisley;B. Houghton;T. Shea;C. Schipper;J. Castro

Crystal Mush Storage Constraints for the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Volcanic Complex

Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 火山群的水晶糊储存限制

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: 13-17 December 2021
• 作者: Heather Winslow, Philipp Ruprecht

Simultaneous ash venting and effusive magma extrusion modulated by fracture outgassing at the 2011-2012 Cordón Caulle eruption, Chile

2011-2012 年智利 Cordón Caulle 火山喷发中，火山灰喷发和喷发岩浆同时喷出，受裂缝放气调节

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: 9-13 Dec.
• 作者: Tramontano, S.;Forte, P.;J.A., Oliva;Amigo, A.;J.M., Gonnermann;H.M., Houghton;Lev, E.;Manga, M.;Myers, M.;Paisley, R.
• 通讯作者: Paisley, R.