Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Identity Beyond the Colonial Core: Spanish Colonialism and Ceramic Technology of the Dismal River Aspect Culture (1675-1725 CE)

在Margaret Beck博士的指导下，Sarah Trabert将分析科罗拉多州和怀俄明州的Dismal River沿岸遗址的陶瓷，并提交来自内布拉斯加州和堪萨斯州的陶瓷碎片进行来源分析。凄凉河的历史可以追溯到公元1675-1725年，这些人生活在大平原和美国西南部之间的一个重要十字路口，在那里，货物、技术、社会习俗和人口在美洲原住民社会之间流动。在欧洲殖民美洲之后，阴郁的河流方面群体也生活在经济、政治和社会不稳定的时期。众所周知，与欧洲人直接接触的美洲原住民经历了流行病、政治和经济混乱、被迫的社会变革以及人口膨胀和崩溃。人们不太了解的是，这些影响的浪潮在欧洲控制的殖民地边界之外传播了多远。为了逃避西班牙的压迫，来自新墨西哥北部的普韦布洛人离开了他们的家园，当他们与大平原上的人们（如迪默河方面的群体）互动时，他们带来了自己的社会实践和世界观。对Dismal River方面烹饪技术和资源获取的分析将揭示西班牙殖民是否以及如何导致大平原上陶瓷生产和食物方式的变化。因此，这项研究将为殖民对物质文化和社会身份的间接影响提供新的和重要的知识。本研究探讨了殖民主义在核心殖民地区以外的全球影响，西班牙殖民主义在北美的区域影响，在史前和早期历史时期考古学定义社会身份的方法，以及忧郁河方面的食物方式和适应的细节。它还强调了原始历史时期对于研究由西班牙人的活动和普韦布洛人从西南地区迁出所产生的新社会身份的重要性。在这一动荡时期的考古记录，虽然相当复杂和短暂，但可以告诉研究人员和后代群体，土著人民是如何接受、适应和抵制与北美大陆殖民化有关的深刻的社会、政治和经济变化的。西班牙殖民主义对核心接触区域以外的美洲原住民群体的影响是北美原住民历史中一个未被充分研究的部分。关于迪默河方面群体的社会身份和祖先的信息可能对今天正在努力重新获得土地的后代社区感兴趣，并对如何处理迪默河方面的太平间遗骸发表意见。这项研究的结果将在一系列出版物中传播，并将通过考古记录的数字档案提供详细信息，使学者能够获得最终的解释和原始数据。这些结果将与收藏藏品的公共机构和个别国家历史学会共享，以便通过展示惨淡河方面的物质文化向公众传播信息。与博物馆、历史学会、当地考古学家、后裔团体和公众分享想法，将确保更多地了解美洲原住民群体中出现的新的、有弹性的社会身份，以及这些人如何在史前时期抵抗殖民统治和文化灭绝。

Under the guidance of Dr. Margaret Beck, Sarah Trabert will analyze ceramics from Dismal River aspect sites in Colorado and Wyoming and submit ceramic sherds from Nebraska and Kansas for sourcing analyses. The Dismal River aspect dates to A.D. 1675-1725 and these people lived at an important crossroads between the Great Plains and the U.S. Southwest, where goods, technology, social practices, and people moved between Native American societies. Dismal River aspect groups also lived during a time of economic, political, and social instability following the European colonization of the Americas. It is well known that Native Americans in direct contact with Europeans experienced epidemic diseases, political and economic disruption, forced social change, and demographic expansion and collapse. What is less understood is how far the wave of these effects spread beyond the borders of European controlled colonies. To escape Spanish oppression, Puebloan people from Northern New Mexico moved out of their homelands and brought their own social practices and worldviews with them when they interacted with Great Plains peoples such as Dismal River aspect groups. The analysis of Dismal River aspect culinary technology and resource acquisition will reveal if and how Spanish colonization led to changes in ceramic production and foodways on the Great Plains. Thus, this research will contribute new and important knowledge on the indirect impact that colonization has on material culture and social identities.This research addresses the worldwide effects of colonialism beyond the core colonized areas, the regional impact of Spanish colonialism in North America, methods of defining social identity archaeologically during the protohistoric and early historic periods, and details of Dismal River aspect foodways and adaptations. It also emphasizes the importance of the protohistoric period for studying the emergence of new social identities produced by Spanish activity and Puebloan population movement out of the Southwest. The archaeological record during this volatile period, although quite complicated and ephemeral, can inform researchers and descendant groups alike as to how Native peoples accepted, adapted to, and resisted the profound social, political, and economic changes associated with the colonization of the North American continent.The effects of Spanish colonialism on Native American groups outside of the core area of contact is an understudied part of Native North American history. Information regarding the social identity and ancestry of Dismal River aspect groups may be of interest to descendent communities today who are striving to regain access to land and a voice in how Dismal River aspect mortuary remains are handled. The results of this study will be disseminated in a series of publications and will be available in detail through a digital archive for archaeological records, allowing scholars access to the final interpretations and raw data. These results will be shared with the public institutions where the collections are housed and with the individual state historical societies so that the information can be disseminated to the public through displays of Dismal River aspect material culture. Sharing ideas with museums, historical societies, local archaeologists, descendent groups, and the public will ensure that more is known about the emergence of new and resilient social identities among Native American groups, and how these people resisted colonial dominance and cultural extinction during the protohistoric period.