Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Identity Beyond the Colonial Core: Spanish Colonialism and Ceramic Technology of the Dismal River Aspect Culture (1675-1725 CE)

在玛格丽特·贝克博士的指导下，Sarah Trabert将分析科罗拉多州和怀俄明州Dismal River Aspects遗址的陶瓷，并提交来自内布拉斯加州和堪萨斯州的陶瓷碎片进行来源分析。阴郁的河岸可以追溯到公元1675-1725年，这些人生活在大平原和美国西南部之间的一个重要的十字路口，商品、技术、社会习俗和人在美洲原住民社会之间流动。在欧洲殖民美洲后的经济、政治和社会不稳定时期，阴郁的河流方面的群体也生活在那里。众所周知，与欧洲人直接接触的美洲原住民经历了流行病、政治和经济混乱、被迫的社会变革以及人口膨胀和崩溃。人们不太了解的是，这些影响的浪潮在多大程度上超出了欧洲控制的殖民地的边界。为了逃避西班牙的压迫，来自新墨西哥州北部的普埃布卢安人搬出了自己的家乡，在与大平原民族(如沉闷的河流方面群)进行互动时，他们带来了自己的社会习俗和世界观。对Dismal River方面的烹饪技术和资源获取的分析将揭示西班牙殖民是否以及如何导致大平原上陶瓷生产和食物方式的变化。因此，这项研究将在殖民主义对物质文化和社会认同的间接影响方面提供新的和重要的知识。这项研究涉及殖民主义在核心殖民区以外的世界范围内的影响，西班牙殖民主义在北美的地区影响，在史前和早期历史时期考古确定社会身份的方法，以及阴郁的河流方面的食物和适应的细节。它还强调了史前时期对于研究西班牙活动和普埃布卢安人口迁出西南部所产生的新的社会特征的重要性。这一动荡时期的考古记录虽然相当复杂和短暂，但可以让研究人员和后代群体了解土著人民是如何接受、适应和抵制与北美大陆殖民有关的深刻的社会、政治和经济变化的。西班牙殖民主义对接触核心地区以外的美洲原住民群体的影响是北美原住民历史中研究较少的一部分。关于阴郁河面群体的社会身份和祖先的信息可能会引起今天的后代社区的兴趣，他们正在努力重新获得土地，并在如何处理阴郁的河面尸骸方面发出声音。这项研究的结果将在一系列出版物中传播，并将通过考古记录数字档案馆详细提供，使学者能够获得最后的解释和原始数据。这些成果将与收藏藏品的公共机构和各州历史学会分享，以便通过展示沉闷的河流面貌的物质文化向公众传播信息。与博物馆、历史学会、当地考古学家、后裔团体和公众分享想法将确保更多地了解美洲原住民群体中新的、有弹性的社会身份的出现，以及这些人如何抵抗史前时期的殖民统治和文化灭绝。

Under the guidance of Dr. Margaret Beck, Sarah Trabert will analyze ceramics from Dismal River aspect sites in Colorado and Wyoming and submit ceramic sherds from Nebraska and Kansas for sourcing analyses. The Dismal River aspect dates to A.D. 1675-1725 and these people lived at an important crossroads between the Great Plains and the U.S. Southwest, where goods, technology, social practices, and people moved between Native American societies. Dismal River aspect groups also lived during a time of economic, political, and social instability following the European colonization of the Americas. It is well known that Native Americans in direct contact with Europeans experienced epidemic diseases, political and economic disruption, forced social change, and demographic expansion and collapse. What is less understood is how far the wave of these effects spread beyond the borders of European controlled colonies. To escape Spanish oppression, Puebloan people from Northern New Mexico moved out of their homelands and brought their own social practices and worldviews with them when they interacted with Great Plains peoples such as Dismal River aspect groups. The analysis of Dismal River aspect culinary technology and resource acquisition will reveal if and how Spanish colonization led to changes in ceramic production and foodways on the Great Plains. Thus, this research will contribute new and important knowledge on the indirect impact that colonization has on material culture and social identities.This research addresses the worldwide effects of colonialism beyond the core colonized areas, the regional impact of Spanish colonialism in North America, methods of defining social identity archaeologically during the protohistoric and early historic periods, and details of Dismal River aspect foodways and adaptations. It also emphasizes the importance of the protohistoric period for studying the emergence of new social identities produced by Spanish activity and Puebloan population movement out of the Southwest. The archaeological record during this volatile period, although quite complicated and ephemeral, can inform researchers and descendant groups alike as to how Native peoples accepted, adapted to, and resisted the profound social, political, and economic changes associated with the colonization of the North American continent.The effects of Spanish colonialism on Native American groups outside of the core area of contact is an understudied part of Native North American history. Information regarding the social identity and ancestry of Dismal River aspect groups may be of interest to descendent communities today who are striving to regain access to land and a voice in how Dismal River aspect mortuary remains are handled. The results of this study will be disseminated in a series of publications and will be available in detail through a digital archive for archaeological records, allowing scholars access to the final interpretations and raw data. These results will be shared with the public institutions where the collections are housed and with the individual state historical societies so that the information can be disseminated to the public through displays of Dismal River aspect material culture. Sharing ideas with museums, historical societies, local archaeologists, descendent groups, and the public will ensure that more is known about the emergence of new and resilient social identities among Native American groups, and how these people resisted colonial dominance and cultural extinction during the protohistoric period.