UNS:A Multi-Element ICP-MS Approach for Detection of Engineered Nanoparticles in the Environment

#1512695兰维尔，詹姆斯·f .水、土壤和空气都含有超细颗粒，即纳米颗粒，它们比人类头发的宽度小得多。大自然不断地创造纳米粒子，而我们现在可能正在通过纳米技术的发展来增加这种微小粒子的背景。我们在药品、食品、纺织品、防晒霜和许多其他产品中加入了高度工程化的纳米颗粒。该项目寻求使用高度发达的分析方法，以及在水和沉积物取样方面的发展，来检测和量化纳米技术释放的纳米颗粒，并将它们与自然产生的纳米颗粒区分开来。该项目将利用新纳米计量学的最新发展来克服水生系统中量化工程纳米粒子（ENPs）的挑战（例如小尺寸、低浓度、干扰天然纳米粒子（NNPs））。单颗粒ICP-MS （spICP-MS）分析的几种新方法能够在颗粒的基础上检测多种元素，它们将提供新的数据，从而使纳米技术的风险评估取得重大进展。分析方法利用ENPs和干扰NNPs之间存在的元素组成差异来提供ENP鉴定和定量。NNPs中多元素的检测将它们与ENPs特征的更简单（单）元素检测事件区分开来。将确定当前的“背景”地表水NP浓度（颗粒数量、质量）和NP特征（如粒径分布、成分）。在多元素spICP-MS分析的推动下，还将进行异聚集实验，以确定它如何影响所提出的纳米计量学，并将提供地表水中ENP命运所需的信息。总的来说，这些信息目前是缺失的，但对于确定环境有害物质对环境健康和安全的影响至关重要。这项研究将与两个已建立的研究小组（美国地质勘探局）和公共教育小组（河流观察组织）合作。所获得的信息有望(i)减少纳米技术风险评估中的不确定性，（ii）为在美国地质勘探局采样网络内进行环境影响因子分析提供框架，最终目标是将QUANT-Nano的方法纳入日常水质监测。（iii）通过暑期在CSM的研究经验和实地考察，我们将培养一群不同的K-12学生和高中科学教师，通过开发简单的实验来教育水中的小颗粒，以“看到看不见的”。我们会让这些学生和教育工作者参与监测他们当地的水资源，以及（iv）向公众宣传环境监测对促进纳米技术安全发展的重要性；

#1512695Ranville, James F.Water, soil, and air all contain ultrafine particles, nanoparticles, that are far smaller than the width of a human hair. Nature creates nanoparticles constantly, and we may now be adding to this background of tiny particles by our development of nanotechnology. We put highly engineered nanoparticles in our medicines, foods, textiles, sunscreens, and many other products. This project seeks to use highly-developed analytical methods, along with developments in sampling of waters and sediments, to detect and quantify the nanoparticles released from nanotechnology and discriminate them from those created naturally.This project will utilize recent developments in new nanometrologies to overcome the challenges (e.g. small size, low concentration, interfering natural NPs (NNPs)) for quantifying engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in aquatic systems. Several new approaches to single-particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) analysis, which have the capability to detect multiple elements on a particle-by-particle basis, will provide new data that will allow significant progress in risk assessment of nanotechnology. The analytical approach utilizes elemental composition differences, which exist between ENPs and the interfering NNPs, to provide ENP identification and quantification. The detection of multiple elements in NNPs will distinguish them from the simpler (single) element detection events characteristic of ENPs. The current "background" surface water NP concentrations (particle number, mass) and NP characteristics (e.g. size distribution, composition) will be determined. Heteroaggregation experiments, facilitated by multi-element spICP-MS analysis, will also be performed to establish how it effects the proposed nanometrologies and will also provide needed information on ENP fate in surface water. Collectively, this information is currently missing but critically important for determining the environmental health and safety effects of ENPs. The research will be a collaboration with two established groups in research (USGS) and in public education (RiverWatch). Information acquired is expected to (i) reduce uncertainty in risk assessment of nanotechnology, (ii) provide the framework for performing ENP analysis within the USGS sampling network, with the ultimate goal of incorporating methodology from QUANT-Nano into routine water quality monitoring, (iii) through summer research experiences at CSM and field-trips we will train a diverse group of K-12 students and high school science teachers to "see the invisible" by developing simple experiments that educate about small particles in water. We will involve these students and educators in the monitoring of their local water resources, and (iv) educate the public on the importance of environmental monitoring to facilitate safe development of nanotechnology,