Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: The Role Of Ritual Integration In Augmenting State Level Solidarity

博士论文改进奖：仪式整合在增强国家层面团结中的作用

• 批准号: 1540467
• 负责人: Tom Dillehay
• 金额: $ 2.39万
• 依托单位: Vanderbilt University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1540467&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Role

Carla Hernández Garavito, of Vanderbilt University, along with colleagues in Peru, will undertake research on how familiar sociocultural practices between local communities and expanding imperial political systems impacted the development of mutually legible socio-political orders in the 15th-16th century Inca Empire. The concept of legibility refers to a continuous political process, in which states use familiar idioms between them and their subjects to exert political and economic control over local populations. Legibility may serve the state as a tool of political subjugation, but it also may reinforce shared idioms in ways that were leveraged by local communities for their own interests. As with modern societies, past ones were subject to processes of global politics, yet the growing gap in the anthropological understanding of the inner workings of ancient and modern empires has rendered local/global relationships in the past into a simplified dichotomy of direct/indirect control. Through an interdisciplinary archaeological and historical approach, this research will investigate the critical period when the rules of imperial control were negotiated and established. This project significantly contributes and expands currently scholarship: 1. by using the concept of legibility to analyze the specific means through which subject groups shape political and economic processes of imperialism; 2. in characterizing a single imperial strategy as a diachronic process, from its local inception to negotiation between imperial and local practices; 3. by situating this research within global issues of state and local interaction. Mrs. Hernández and her research team will use archaeological excavation, mapping, archival research, and specialized material analyses, to investigate the role of public ritual and places as critical idioms of interaction between the Inka Empire and the local community in the Huarochirí region in the Peruvian Andes. Over the course of a hundred years, the Inka created the largest empire in the Americas, extending at its height over 906,000 km2 of western South America and weaving together a patchwork of ethnic diversity. Through targeted excavations in two sites containing both local and Inka standard public spaces and through an interdisciplinary methodology, this project will reveal a subtle means of hegemonic interaction that helped to shape Inka imperialism and the diverse material signatures of state imposition. This project will offer collaborative education and training opportunities for U.S. and Peruvian archaeology and history students, and will promote collaboration with local community members and Peruvian academic institutions. This research is of direct relevance to foster a critical understanding of how imperial policies created the conditions for incorporating and maintaining mutually legible local/state practices and how local forms helped to shape state politics.

范德比尔特大学的卡拉Hernández加拉维托和秘鲁的同事们将进行一项研究，研究15 -16世纪印加帝国，当地社区之间熟悉的社会文化习俗和不断扩大的帝国政治制度是如何影响相互清晰的社会政治秩序的发展的。易读性的概念指的是一个持续的政治过程，在这个过程中，国家使用它们与臣民之间熟悉的习语，对当地人口施加政治和经济控制。易读性可能成为国家政治征服的工具，但它也可能以当地社区为自己的利益而利用的方式强化共享的习语。与现代社会一样，过去的社会受制于全球政治进程，然而，在人类学对古代和现代帝国内部运作的理解上，差距越来越大，这使得过去的地方/全球关系变成了直接/间接控制的简化二分法。通过跨学科的考古学和历史学方法，本研究将探讨帝国控制规则协商和建立的关键时期。本项目对目前的学术研究有重大贡献和拓展。利用易读性的概念分析主体群体塑造帝国主义政治经济过程的具体手段；2. 将单一的帝国战略描述为一个历时过程，从地方开始到帝国和地方实践之间的协商；3. 通过将这项研究置于国家和地方相互作用的全球问题中。Hernández女士和她的研究团队将利用考古发掘、制图、档案研究和专业材料分析，调查公共仪式和场所作为印卡帝国与秘鲁安第斯山脉Huarochirí地区当地社区之间互动的关键习语的作用。在一百年的时间里，印卡人创造了美洲最大的帝国，在其鼎盛时期在南美洲西部延伸了超过90.6万平方公里的土地，并将各种各样的民族编织在一起。通过在两个包含当地和因卡标准公共空间的地点进行有针对性的挖掘，并通过跨学科的方法，该项目将揭示一种微妙的霸权互动方式，这种方式有助于塑造因卡帝国主义和国家强加的各种物质特征。该项目将为美国和秘鲁的考古学和历史学学生提供合作教育和培训机会，并将促进与当地社区成员和秘鲁学术机构的合作。这项研究与培养对帝国政策如何为整合和维持相互清晰的地方/国家实践创造条件以及地方形式如何帮助塑造国家政治的批判性理解直接相关。