Nanoporous polymer particles and gels containing functionalized semi-rigid copolymer structures

含有官能化半刚性共聚物结构的纳米孔聚合物颗粒和凝胶

• 批准号: 1609379
• 负责人: Richard Turner
• 金额: $ 18.19万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1609379&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanoporous; polymer; particles; gels; containing

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe fundamental and exploratory research of this project is directed toward the discovery of new specifically designed polymeric materials that can serve as enabling materials for innovations in specific gas and metal ion sorbent technologies. Such materials could be employed as tools for applications involving gas emissions and water pollution. This project will focus on creation and study of high-surface-area polymer particles. These would contain high loadings of specifically chosen chemical groups delivered by specially designed polymer units and could be readily prepared by industrially practiced polymerization processes. These polymeric materials could provide practical candidates for acid gas and heavy metal ion capture (e.g., carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, heavy-metal ions). Some of these polymers could also lead to practical high-surface-area polymer particles for enhancing reversible storage of hydrogen. Results from this project will be reported at major scientific conferences and published in high-impact journals. Students trained with intense interactions across discipline boundaries are an important output of this research. The tight coupling of disciplinary and interdisciplinary training in the scientific development of new functional polymeric materials will prepare students to enter the scientific workforce well-prepared to make important contributions for advancing the technological growth of the nation.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe research described in this project focuses on preparing and studying novel semi-rigid, sterically crowded and precisely functionalized nanoporous hypercrosslinked polymeric materials. Precise insertion of semi-rigid segments from alternating copolymers into hypercrosslinked polymer particles delivers new chemical backbone units to modify properties of network systems. Precise control of placement of functional groups from strictly alternating sequences will enable unique solid state constructs that are expected to provide excellent control over physical properties of the resulting networks. For hypercrosslinked systems, these semi-rigid units slow pore collapse during the hypercrosslinking step. Computational collaboration will help guide the development of the fundamentals for designing higher surface area functional particles. These new hypercrosslinked polymeric materials will possess high surface areas with high concentrations of functional groups designed for specific interactions with gas sorbates, metal ions, or other reactive molecules. Comparison of semi-rigid chain stiffening sequences to less sterically crowded functional copolymer sequences will assist in elucidating the role of chain stiffness on fundamental structure property relationships. Recent discoveries with semi-rigid structures containing carboxylic acid functional group will be expanded to hypercrosslinked polymeric materials with primary and secondary amine groups and phenolic groups precisely enchained in the polymer backbone. It is anticipated that these new functional nanoporous particles will be effective solid sorbents for carbon dioxide and other acidic gases. Hypercrosslinked nanoporous polymer particles containing aromatic amines will be targeted also and their potential for hydrogen storage studied.

非技术摘要该项目的基础和探索性研究旨在发现新的专门设计的聚合物材料，这些材料可以作为特定气体和金属离子吸附剂技术创新的支持材料。 此类材料可用作涉及气体排放和水污染的应用的工具。该项目将重点关注高表面积聚合物颗粒的创建和研究。 这些将包含由专门设计的聚合物单元提供的高负载量的专门选择的化学基团，并且可以通过工业实践的聚合工艺容易地制备。 这些聚合物材料可以为酸性气体和重金属离子（例如二氧化碳、硫化氢、重金属离子）的捕获提供实用的候选材料。 其中一些聚合物还可以产生实用的高表面积聚合物颗粒，以增强氢的可逆储存。 该项目的结果将在主要科学会议上报告并在高影响力期刊上发表。通过跨学科边界的激烈互动训练的学生是这项研究的重要成果。 在新型功能高分子材料的科学开发中，学科和跨学科培训的紧密结合将使学生做好准备进入科学队伍，为推动国家的技术发展做出重要贡献。技术摘要本项目描述的研究重点是制备和研究新型半刚性、空间拥挤和精确功能化的纳米多孔超交联聚合材料。 将交替共聚物的半刚性链段精确插入超交联聚合物颗粒中，可提供新的化学主链单元，从而改变网络系统的性能。 通过严格交替的序列精确控制官能团的放置将能够实现独特的固态构造，这些构造有望对所得网络的物理性质提供出色的控制。对于超交联系统，这些半刚性单元在超交联步骤中减缓了孔的塌陷。 计算协作将有助于指导设计更高表面积功能颗粒的基础知识的发展。这些新型超交联聚合物材料将具有高表面积和高浓度的官能团，旨在与气体吸附物、金属离子或其他反应性分子发生特定相互作用。 半刚性链硬化序列与空间拥挤程度较低的功能共聚物序列的比较将有助于阐明链刚度对基本结构性能关系的作用。最近关于含有羧酸官能团的半刚性结构的发现将扩展到具有伯胺基团、仲胺基团以及酚基团精确地链在聚合物主链中的超交联聚合物材料。 预计这些新型功能性纳米多孔颗粒将成为二氧化碳和其他酸性气体的有效固体吸附剂。 含有芳香胺的超交联纳米多孔聚合物颗粒也将成为目标，并研究它们的储氢潜力。