EAGER: 2D Nanomaterials-Bioreceptor Hybrid Optoelectronic Biosensors

对化学品和生物分子进行灵敏、选择性、快速、具有成本效益的检测在社会的许多部门都至关重要。 该项目的目标是开发一种新型生物传感器，该传感器由光电转换器（一种将光转换为电子信号的设备）组成，光电转换器由两层纳米材料石墨烯和二硫化钼与生物传感分子耦合组成。当液体样品中存在分子靶时，生物分子将感测到它们，并且换能器将提供通过改变器件的光电特性而发出信号的读出。拟议的设备将找到对社会至关重要的广泛应用，例如诊断疾病，监测食品，水和环境质量和安全以及个人/国土安全。基于亲和力的生物传感器是通过分析物目标和识别分子之间的特定相互作用检测分析物的分析平台。目前基于亲和性的生物传感器需要用于定量的标记。缺乏理想的标记和繁琐/耗时的协议是当前基于亲和的生物传感器的主要限制。 基于场效应晶体管（FET）的生物传感器是缓解这些限制的替代方案。本研究将开发一种新型的全二维层状货车德瓦耳斯（LVDW）纳米材料-生物受体杂化光电生物传感器，用于检测化学/生物分子，具有高灵敏度，精确的选择性和免标记分析。所提出的光电器件将是由单层2D过渡金属二硫属化物（TMD）二硫化钼（MoS 2）半导体作为沟道/栅极、单层石墨烯作为源极和漏极以及红色LED作为光子供应器制成的光控FET换能器。MoS 2通道将通过对目标分析物特异性的生物受体功能化。分析指标，即灵敏度、检测限、选择性、速度、再现性、稳定性等，将建立。以生物素为受体，以亲和素为靶的传感系统将被用作EAGER项目的模型系统。 该研究计划的智力优势包括一种新型生物传感器，该生物传感器由光电转换器组成，光电转换器由二维纳米材料石墨烯和二硫化钼的异质结构组成，与红光LED耦合，并与生物传感分子连接，预计将彻底改变基于FET的无标记亲和生物传感器平台的设计和性能。该项目的更广泛影响将是无标记亲和生物传感器的新范例，用于化学和生物分子的高灵敏度，选择性，快速，成本效益，简便和现场多重检测。预计拟议的传感平台将在医疗诊断、食品安全和质量、环境监测、国土/个人安全等方面得到应用。这项研究将有助于提高（i）美国的技术竞争力;（ii）发展具有全球竞争力的STEM劳动力;（iii）增加妇女和代表性不足的少数民族的参与;（iv）增加妇女和少数民族的参与。以及（iv）为本科生和研究生STEM教育做出贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Sensitive, selective, rapid, cost-effective detection of chemicals and biological molecules is critical in many sectors of society. The goal of this project is to develop a novel biosensor consisting of optoelectronic transducer (a device that converts light to an electronic signal) composed of two layers of nanomaterials graphene and molybdenum disulfide coupled with biological sensing molecules. When molecular targets are present in liquid samples, the biological molecules will sense them and the transducer will provide a readout signaled by a change the optoelectronic properties of the device. The proposed device will find a broad spectrum of applications critical for society, such as diagnosing diseases, monitoring food, water and environment quality and safety and personal/homeland security. Affinity-based biosensors are analytical platforms that detect analytes through specific interactions between analyte targets and recognition molecules. Current affinity-based biosensor require a label for quantification. The lack of an ideal label and tedious/time consuming protocol are major limitations of the current affinity-based biosensors. Field-effect transistors (FET)-based biosensors are an alternative for alleviating these limitations. The proposed research will develop a novel all two-dimensional layered van der Waals (LVDW) nanomaterial-bioreceptor hybrid optoelectronic biosensor for detecting chemical/biological molecules with ultrahigh sensitivity, exquisite selectivity and label-free analysis. The proposed optoelectronic device will be a photogated FET transducer made from single-layer of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) semiconductor as channel/gate, single-layer graphene as source and drain electrodes and a red LED as photons supplier. The MoS2 channel will be functionalized by bioreceptor specific for the target analyte. The analytical figures of merits, i.e. sensitivity, limit of detection, selectivity, speed, reproducibility, stability, etc., will be established. The sensing of avidin as target with biotin as receptor will be used as a model system for this EAGER project. Intellectual merits of the research program include a novel biosensor consisting of optoelectronic transducer composed of a heterostructure of two-dimensional nanomaterials graphene and molybdenum disulfide coupled with a red light LED and interfaced to biological sensing molecules that is expected to revolutionize the designs and performances of FET-based label-free affinity biosensors platforms. Broader Impacts of the project would be a new paradigm in label-free affinity-based biosensors for highly sensitive, selective, rapid, cost-effective, facile and in-field multiplexed detection of chemical and biological molecules. The proposed sensing platform is expected to find applications in medical diagnostics, food safety and quality, environmental monitoring, homeland/personal security, etc. This research will help increase (i) US technological competitiveness; (ii) develop a globally competitive STEM workforce; (iii) increase participation of women and underrepresented minorities; and (iv) contribute to undergraduate and graduate STEM education.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.