Parametric Resonance as an Electromechanical Transduction Mechanism

参数共振作为机电转导机制这个跨学科的研究项目将探索和利用参数激励，这是一个许多人熟悉的概念，就像操场上的秋千是由骑手弯曲和伸直来驱动的，以增加运动的幅度。当电路的某些参数被机械输入以特定频率调制时，例如改变电容器两个金属板之间的距离，能量可以有效地从机械领域转移到电领域。利用超声作为机械驱动，频率通常用于身体深处的医学成像，加上适当的电路设计，参数共振有望实现医疗植入物的高效无线充电。同样的概念可以用于从大频率范围内的环境振动中收集能量，以及用于水下声纳类型应用的微小声学信号检测。该项目将彻底和系统地研究这种新方法的潜力，并将导致示范性的高性能超声充电设备和传感器。在STEM教育方面，将设计实验，用运动传感器测量秋千的骑手，以说明参数共振概念，并向高中生演示水箱中超声波设备的无线充电。项目实验结果的视频剪辑也将通过佐治亚理工学院的公共视频频道进行制作和播出。该项目的目标将通过a)分析耦合机械和电子谐振器的参数共振，包括分析传感应用中的噪声，同时评估基于压电谐振器的电感实现等新方法；b)设计和实施概念验证设备，以演示从低频振动和低噪声声学中获取宽带能量；基于建模框架和设计指南开发的振动传感器，以及c)使用MEMS制造技术在0.5-2MHz范围内制造和仔细表征用于生物医学植入物的无线超声功率传输装置。研究团队在具有确定性和随机激励的非线性复杂系统的分析建模，设备设计，制造和表征应用领域的互补专业知识，涵盖低频振动的能量收集到MHz范围内的医学超声应用，将被利用来实现目标结果。该项目将制定新的分析和数值模型，并将开发一个新的实验框架，用于设计以不同方式利用非线性和共振的下一代机电传感器，这可能导致迄今为止主要依赖于电容和压电器件的线性、无源特性的转导范式转变。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Parametric resonance as an electromechanical transduction mechanism This interdisciplinary research project will explore and exploit parametric excitation, a concept familiar to many as swings in playgrounds are driven by the rider bending and straightening to increase the amplitude of motion. When certain parameters of electrical circuits are modulated at a specific frequency by a mechanical input, such as changing the distance between two metal plates of a capacitor, energy can be transferred efficiently from mechanical to electrical domain. Using ultrasound as the mechanical drive at frequencies that are typically used for medical imaging deep in the body, and with proper design of an electrical circuit, parametric resonance is expected to result in high efficiency wireless charging of medical implants. The same concept can be used to harvest energy from vibrations in the environment in a large frequency range as well as to detect minute acoustic signals for underwater SONAR type applications. This project will thoroughly and systematically investigate the potential of this novel approach and will lead to demonstrative high-performance ultrasound based charging devices and sensors. In terms STEM education, experiments will be designed to instrument riders of swings with motion sensors to illustrate the parametric resonance concept as well as to demonstrate wireless charging of devices with ultrasound in water tanks to high school students. Video clips on experimental results of the project will also be prepared and broadcast through Georgia Tech's public video channel. The objective of the project will be achieved by a) analyzing parametric resonances of coupled mechanical and electrical resonators, including noise in the analysis for sensing applications while evaluating novel approaches such as piezoelectric resonator based inductor implementation, b) designing and implementing proof-of-concept devices to demonstrate broadband energy harvesting from low frequency vibrations, and low noise acoustic, vibration sensors based on the modeling framework and design guidelines developed, and c) fabricating and carefully characterizing wireless ultrasonic power transfer devices for biomedical implants in the 0.5-2MHz range using MEMS fabrication techniques. The complementary expertise of the research team in analytical modeling of nonlinear complex systems with deterministic and random excitations, device design, fabrication and characterization for applications covering low frequency vibrations for energy harvesting to medical ultrasound applications in the MHz range will be leveraged to achieve the targeted outcomes. The project will formulate new analytical and numerical models and will develop a new experimental framework for designing next-generation electromechanical sensors exploiting nonlinearity and resonance in different ways which can lead to a paradigm shift in transduction which heretofore depended predominantly on linear, passive properties of capacitive and piezoelectric devices.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.