Collaborative Research: The other side of tropical forest drought: Do shallow water table regions of Amazonia act as large-scale hydrological refugia from drought?
合作研究:热带森林干旱的另一面:亚马逊流域的浅水位区域是否可以作为干旱的大型水文避难所?
基本信息
- 批准号:1949894
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 28.86万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2020-02-01 至 2024-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The vegetation that covers the Earth has many important functions. One of the biggest impacts of vegetation is trapping and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The vast Amazon rainforest makes a significant contribution to this carbon storage function. However, the Amazon forest is being threatened by recent changes to climate, which is making droughts stronger and more frequent. A big question is whether the Amazon will be resilient to these droughts, or whether they will slow forest growth and kill trees, which would release carbon. A significant challenge is the lack of information about a large portion of the Amazon forest—about 30%—with shallow water tables, where trees live in an environment of excess water. In these water-logged forests, tree growth is slow because soil conditions are poor for tree roots. Here, drought could actually be beneficial to trees by reducing this water-logging. On the other hand, these forests have roots that grow close to the soil surface and require wet conditions. In this case, strong droughts that last a long time dry the upper soil and could reduce growth more, killing more trees than in forests with well-drained soils. This project will answer questions about the role of belowground water sources as an important control on response of tropical forest to drought. Data about forest growth and carbon dioxide exchange will be made available to the broader research community. This project will also help train students in how to measure forests, and provide information about tropical forests to the public.This project will measure forest canopy response to drought at sites in the Brazilian Amazon. The approach is to unify field ecology with remote observation of ecosystems from canopy towers and satellites. Canopy towers constructed in this project—representing the first of their kind in water-logged soils of the interior Amazon—provide detailed information about tree growth. The capacity of the forest canopy for photosynthesis will be measured as well as leaf demography and phenology. This new knowledge will be combined with networks of existing canopy towers in deep water table depth sites, satellite images spanning the Amazon, data on tree growth and death from a network of forest surveys, and detailed measurements of soil water and other environmental factors. This project will build an accurate new understanding of the factors that impact forest carbon cycling, while contrasting water-logged with well-drained soil responses. A data-based model of ecosystem structure and function will offer a quantitative accounting of the contribution of these water-logged forests in the Amazon to climate change responses. These results have the potential to transform our current perspective on drought effects in tropical forests.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
覆盖地球的植被有许多重要的功能。植被最大的影响之一是捕获和储存大气中的二氧化碳。广袤的亚马逊雨林对这种碳储存功能做出了重大贡献。然而,亚马逊森林正受到最近气候变化的威胁,这使得干旱更加严重和频繁。一个很大的问题是,亚马逊是否能够适应这些干旱,或者它们是否会减缓森林生长并杀死树木,从而释放碳。一个重大的挑战是缺乏关于亚马逊森林的大部分(约30%)地下水位较浅的信息,那里的树木生活在一个水分过剩的环境中。在这些水淹的森林里,树木生长缓慢,因为土壤条件不适合树根生长。在这里,干旱实际上可以通过减少内涝对树木有益。另一方面,这些森林的根生长在靠近土壤表面的地方,需要潮湿的环境。在这种情况下,持续很长时间的强烈干旱会使上层土壤干燥,并可能进一步减少生长,与排水良好的土壤相比,会杀死更多的树木。该项目将回答有关地下水源作为热带森林对干旱响应的重要控制作用的问题。有关森林生长和二氧化碳交换的数据将提供给更广泛的研究界。该项目还将帮助培训学生如何测量森林,并向公众提供有关热带森林的信息。该项目将测量巴西亚马逊地区森林冠层对干旱的反应。该方法是将野外生态学与从冠层塔和卫星对生态系统的远程观测相结合。在这个项目中建造的树冠塔——代表了亚马逊内陆浸水土壤中的第一个——提供了关于树木生长的详细信息。森林冠层的光合作用能力以及叶片人口统计学和物候学将被测量。这一新的知识将与现有的地下水位点的树冠塔网络、横跨亚马逊的卫星图像、森林调查网络的树木生长和死亡数据以及土壤水分和其他环境因素的详细测量相结合。该项目将对影响森林碳循环的因素建立准确的新认识,同时对比水涝土壤和排水良好土壤的响应。基于数据的生态系统结构和功能模型将提供亚马逊地区这些水浸森林对气候变化响应的定量计算。这些结果有可能改变我们目前对热带森林干旱影响的看法。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Asymmetric response of Amazon forest water and energy fluxes to wet and dry hydrological extremes reveals onset of a local drought‐induced tipping point
- DOI:10.1111/gcb.16933
- 发表时间:2023-09
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.6
- 作者:N. Restrepo-Coupe;Bradley O'Donnell Christoffersen;Marcos Longo;Luciana F. Alves;K. S. Campos;Alessandro C da Araujo;R. D. de Oliveira;N. Prohaska;R. da Silva;Raphael Tapajós;K. Wiedemann;S. Wofsy;S. Saleska
- 通讯作者:N. Restrepo-Coupe;Bradley O'Donnell Christoffersen;Marcos Longo;Luciana F. Alves;K. S. Campos;Alessandro C da Araujo;R. D. de Oliveira;N. Prohaska;R. da Silva;Raphael Tapajós;K. Wiedemann;S. Wofsy;S. Saleska
Reframing tropical savannization: linking changes in canopy structure to energy balance alterations that impact climate
- DOI:10.1002/ecs2.3231
- 发表时间:2020-09
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.7
- 作者:S. Stark;D. Breshears;S. Aragón;J. C. Villegas;D. Law;Marielle N. Smith;D. Minor;R. Assis;D. R. Almeida;G. Oliveira;S. Saleska;A. Swann;J. Moura;J. Camargo;R. Silva;L. Aragão;R. Oliveira
- 通讯作者:S. Stark;D. Breshears;S. Aragón;J. C. Villegas;D. Law;Marielle N. Smith;D. Minor;R. Assis;D. R. Almeida;G. Oliveira;S. Saleska;A. Swann;J. Moura;J. Camargo;R. Silva;L. Aragão;R. Oliveira
Diverse anthropogenic disturbances shift Amazon forests along a structural spectrum
各种人为干扰使亚马逊森林发生结构变化
- DOI:10.1002/fee.2590
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:10.3
- 作者:Smith, Marielle N;Stark, Scott C;Taylor, Tyeen C;Schietti, Juliana;de Almeida, Danilo Roberti;Aragón, Susan;Torralvo, Kelly;Lima, Albertina P;de Oliveira, Gabriel;de Assis, Rafael Leandro
- 通讯作者:de Assis, Rafael Leandro
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Scott Saleska其他文献
Scott Saleska的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Scott Saleska', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: RAPID: A perfect storm: will the double-impact of 2023/24 El Nino drought and forest degradation induce a local tipping-point onset in the eastern Amazon?
合作研究:RAPID:一场完美风暴:2023/24厄尔尼诺干旱和森林退化的双重影响是否会导致亚马逊东部地区出现局部临界点?
- 批准号:
2403883 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Cascade “Ecohydromics” in the Amazonian Headwater System
合作研究:亚马逊河源头系统的级联“生态水文学”
- 批准号:
2106804 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: GCR: Growing a New Science of Landscape Terraformation: The Convergence of Rock, Fluids, and Life to form Complex Ecosystems Across Scales
合作研究:GCR:发展景观改造的新科学:岩石、流体和生命的融合形成跨尺度的复杂生态系统
- 批准号:
2121155 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
NRT‐URoL: BRIDGES ‐ Building Resources for InterDisciplinary training in Genomic and Ecosystem Sciences
NRT – URoL:桥梁 – 为基因组和生态系统科学跨学科培训构建资源
- 批准号:
2022055 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Are Amazon forest trees source or sink limited? Mapping hydraulic traits to carbon allocation strategies to decipher forest function during drought
合作研究:亚马逊森林树木的来源或汇是否有限?
- 批准号:
1754803 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RAPID: Observations of carbon, water, and vegetation dynamics during and after the 2015/2016 El Nino drought to test models of climate-change induced Amazon forest 'dieback'
RAPID:对 2015/2016 年厄尔尼诺干旱期间和之后的碳、水和植被动态进行观测,以测试气候变化引起的亚马逊森林“枯死”模型
- 批准号:
1622721 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Dimensions US-Biota-Sao Paulo: Collaborative Research: Integrating Dimensions Of Microbial Biodiversity Across Land Use Change In Tropical Forests
维度 US-Biota-圣保罗:合作研究:整合热带森林土地利用变化中微生物生物多样性的维度
- 批准号:
1442152 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating Northern Peatland Methane Dynamics by Synthesizing Measurements, Remote Sensing and Modeling from Local to Regional to Continental Scales
合作研究:通过综合测量、遥感和从地方到区域到大陆尺度的建模来研究北部泥炭地甲烷动态
- 批准号:
1241962 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
CRPA: How do We Learn the Fate of Tropical Forests under Climate Change? -- A Multimedia Exhibition of Photographic Art Portraying Scientists and Students at Work in Amazonia
CRPA:我们如何了解气候变化下热带森林的命运?
- 批准号:
1209899 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Ecosystem Transitions from Andean Cloud Forest to the Lowland Amazon:a Pan-American Advanced Studies Institute on Tropical ecology, Biogeochemistry, and Climate in Peru; June, 2011
从安第斯云林到亚马逊低地的生态系统转变:秘鲁热带生态、生物地球化学和气候泛美高级研究所;
- 批准号:
1036400 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 28.86万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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