RAPID: Inexpensive, rapidly manufacturable respiratory monitor to provide safe emergency ventilation during the COVID-19 pandemic

该项目的目标是开发一种技术，可以在COVID-19等流行病淹没医疗设施期间改善患者护理并提高患者安全。该项目将开发一种廉价、便携、在线呼吸监测技术，在设施和临床医生捉襟危肘的情况下，能够对需要通气的多名患者进行安全有效的护理。该系统可以提供远程警报和监测任何通气患者，节省进入COVID-19隔离室所需的临床时间和宝贵的个人防护装备（PPE），并大大提高使用紧急呼吸机时的安全性。该系统还将用于在快速变化的环境中提供决策支持，并可以收集重要数据，用于分析患者的生理状况，从而改善护理。该系统还包括个性化治疗和监测的能力，以便在单个呼吸机上为多名患者提供安全有效的通气。计划的设计是团队在呼吸机和呼吸监测器设计方面的长期经验的结果，并基于现有的医疗设备软件和经过验证的呼吸机技术。该系统被设计为使用新颖的算法和传感，同时在可能的情况下使用现成的组件快速制造。由于大流行的挤压，可能无法获得的其他关键部件已被设计为易于3D打印或注塑，基于现有的，经过验证的设计。该团队建议建立一个监测和控制设备，使用廉价的平板电脑作为用户界面，使用基于物联网（IOT）的处理器板的智能传感器来监测和收集数据，并为过度劳累的临床医生提供安全建议。一个安全的，易于制造的，改进的气动呼气阀，由监测系统控制，由气道回路本身的压力将增加，以个性化治疗共用呼吸机的患者。该项目提供监测和控制，以安全有效地使用现有工具为患者进行通气。除了用于大流行病之外，该技术的下一代版本还可用于未来的隔离室，也可用于国内和世界资源有限的地区。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The goal of this project is to develop technology that can improve patient care and increase patient safety during pandemics such as COVID-19 that flood medical facilities. This project will develop an inexpensive, portable, in-circuit respiratory monitoring technology that enables safe and effective care of multiple patients needing ventilation during a crisis when facilities and clinicians are stretched thin. The system can provide remote alarms and monitoring of any ventilated patient -- saving clinical time and precious personal protective equipment (PPE) required to enter a COVID-19 isolation room, as well as dramatically increasing safety when using emergency ventilators. The system will also be designed to provide decision support in a rapidly changing environment and can collect important data for analysis of patient physiology to also improve care. The system also includes the ability to individualize treatment and monitoring to provide safe and effective ventilation of multiple patients on a single ventilator.The planned design is the result of the team's long experience with ventilator and respiratory monitor design and is based on existing medical device software and proven ventilator technology. The system has been designed to use novel algorithms and sensing, while being rapidly manufactured with off-the-shelf components where possible. Other critical components that may be unavailable due to the crush of the pandemic have been designed to be easily 3D printed or injection molded, based on existing, proven designs. The team propose to build a monitoring and control device using an inexpensive tablet as the user interface and a smart sensor using Internet of Things (IOT)-based processor boards to monitor and collect data and provide safety advice to the over-worked clinicians. A safe, easily manufactured, modified pneumatic exhalation valve controlled by the monitoring system with pressure from the airway circuit itself will be added to individualize treatment for patients sharing a ventilator. This project provides the monitoring and control to safely and effectively use existing tools to ventilate patients. Beyond its pandemic uses, next generation versions of the technology can be used in isolation rooms of the future and also in resource-limited areas of the country and the world.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.