Auditory perception of sound reflections and source localization in dynamic scenes

动态场景中声音反射的听觉感知和声源定位

• 批准号: 249703531
• 负责人: Professorin Dr.-Ing. Janina Fels
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl und Institut für Hörtechnik und Akustik (IHTA)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/249703531?language=en
• 关键词: Auditory; perception; sound; reflections; source

Apart from visual information, acoustic information enables human beings to orient themselves in their surroundings. This is especially true for emergencies in smoke-filled rooms, dark or foggy environments, or in case of visually impaired people. In complex environments, human beings use early boundary reflections (walls, ceilings, floors, large objects) and their relation to a sound source for an acoustic orientation. The auditory perception of complex acoustic scenes will be studied for this project. Different scenes such as free field scenes, large rooms, or outdoor scenes (e.g. orientation in a city) will be evaluated. Nowadays image sources are used to generate the perceived early reflections for real-time room acoustic simulations. If the relative orientation or the position of a wall changes due to an approximation of the geometric model of the environment, the position of the image source will change as well. Thus, the auditory perception of this scene will change. The environmental model that provides the basis for this project will only contain dominate early reflections. This means that exterior spaces and listener positions that are close to the walls in very large rooms are not taken into account. First of all, the perception of people with normal hearing (not visually impaired) will be analyzed using simple geometric room models. The maximum non-audible variation of a boundary interface (distance/rotation) depends on binaural parameters, interaural time and level difference, and psycho-acoustic factors. In the first phase, the correlation of binaural parameters, psychoacoustic factors, and the (few) image sources shall be studied as a function of the wall size, the head movement, and the distance of the test subject from the wall. In the second phase, the scene perception of a virtual acoustic environment will be studied taking into account the head movement as well as the distance between the source and the listener. Several sources with different positions will be integrated into the scenes for the test subjects. The degree of coherence, i.e. the similarity of the signals, shall be reduced to a minimum, to avoid phantom sources. Experiments will be carried out to determine the influence of the distance between sound source and test subject, and the head movement on the maximum number of audible sources. The results of this project can be used to create a room model in the virtual acoustic reality. Another possible application is the virtual, acoustic training of visually impaired persons to enable them to orient themselves in a city or in an unknown environment.

除了视觉信息，声音信息使人类能够在周围环境中定位自己。尤其是在烟雾缭绕的房间、黑暗或雾气笼罩的环境中的紧急情况下，或者在视障人士的情况下。在复杂的环境中，人类使用早期的边界反射(墙、天花板、地板、大型物体)及其与声源的关系来进行声学定向。本项目将研究复杂声学场景的听觉感知。将评估不同的场景，如免费的田野场景、大房间或户外场景(例如，在城市中的定位)。目前，用于实时室内声学模拟的图像源被用来产生可感知的早期反射。如果墙的相对方向或位置因环境几何模型的近似而改变，则图像源的位置也将改变。因此，这一场景的听觉感知将发生变化。为该项目提供基础的环境模型将只包含占主导地位的早期反思。这意味着，在非常大的房间中，靠近墙壁的外部空间和聆听者位置不会被考虑在内。首先，将使用简单的几何房间模型来分析听力正常(非视障)的人的感知。边界界面的最大非听觉变化(距离/旋转)取决于双耳参数、两耳间的时间和水平差异以及心理声学因素。在第一阶段，应研究双耳参数、心理声学因素和(少数)图像源之间的相关性，作为墙的大小、头部运动和测试对象到墙的距离的函数。在第二阶段中，将研究虚拟声环境中的场景感知，考虑头部的运动以及源和听者之间的距离。不同位置的几个信号源将被整合到测试对象的场景中。应将相干程度，即信号的相似性降至最低，以避免幻影源。将进行实验，以确定声源与测试对象之间的距离以及头部移动对最大可听源数量的影响。该项目的研究成果可用于在虚拟声学现实中创建房间模型。另一个可能的应用是对视障人士进行虚拟的声学培训，使他们能够在城市或未知环境中确定自己的方向。