Values and the Changing of Values during the 20th Century

历史价值研究的核心问题是：社会价值体系，即人们普遍接受的集体言说和行动的基本取向准则，在何时、如何、为何发生变化？在西方工业社会，价值体系在1970年前后是否发生了社会科学所假设的根本变化，或者是否存在其他的发展模式？道德价值观在何种程度上与特定社会群体的凝聚力相联系，价值观在社会谈判和权力斗争过程中发挥何种作用？价值观在一般社会文化变化方面有什么样的意义？为了回答这些问题，该项目批判性地采用当代社会科学研究概念，并通过系统地，主题和概念地扩展这些概念，获得真正的历史视角，重点关注自19世纪末以来的时期，并将公开传播的道德价值观与社会经验以及制度和社会结构参数联系起来。同时，本课题以资产阶级历史研究的问题和范畴为基础，以实证和概念的方式完成和拓展对20世纪世纪家庭和劳动价值的研究。从方法上讲，这些研究目的和对价值变迁过程的分析都是建立在历史话语分析的基础上的。第一部分研究将分析第一次世界大战结束以来在法国和德国定期发生的关于节育、堕胎、绝育的公众辩论，作为跨国视角下社会价值变化的场景和指标。第二个项目扩展了教育学科领域的主题经典，并将分析人文主义教育思想的含义以及由此产生的魏玛共和国和德意志联邦共和国之间的价值转变。第三部分研究集中在移民方面，从而利用移民话语作为1950 - 2000年间德意志联邦共和国劳动价值论讨论的来源。所有部分项目的实证结果，新的专题研究以及额外的历史和跨学科的思考应结合在一个工作标题价值观和价值观变化在20世纪世纪的最后研究。

The research focus of historical value research is pursuing four central questions: When, how and why do social value systems, that means, fundamental orientational guidelines of collective speaking and acting that are generally accepted, change? Was there a basic change of the value system in Western industrial societies around 1970, the social sciences have postulated or are there alternative patterns of development? To what extent are moral values linked to coherences of specific social groups and which role do values play in processes of social negotiations and power struggles? What kind of meaning do values have in terms of the general socio-cultural change?To answer these questions, the project critically takes up contemporary socio-scientific research concepts and obtains a genuine historical perspective by extending those concepts methodically, thematically and conceptually, by focusing on the period since the late 19th century and relating moral values that are publicly communicated with social experience and institutional and socio-structural parameters. At the same time, the project builds up on questions and categories of the historical research of the bourgeoisie.The projects that will be depicted in the application should, in an empirical and conceptual way, complete and extend the studies on the values of the family and the labor in the 20th century. Methodically, those research purposes and their analyses of processes of value change are based on the historical discourse analysis. The first partial study will analyze the public debates on birth control, abortion, sterilization, which occurred at regular intervals since the end of the First World War in France and Germany, as scenes and indicators of social value change in a transnational perspective. The second project expands the thematic canon of the subject area of education and will analyze the meaning of the humanistic educational idea as well as the consequent value shift between the Republic of Weimar and the German Federal Republic. The third partial study focuses on the aspect of migration and thereby makes use of the discourses on migration as a source for the discussion on labor values in the German Federal Republic between 1950 and 2000. The empirical results of all partial projects, new thematic examinations as well as additionally historical and interdisciplinary reflections should be combined in a final study with the working title Values and Value Change in the 20th Century.