Accelerator technology and particle therapy in Germany in the 20th century

20世纪德国的加速器技术和粒子治疗

• 批准号: 274589745
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Cornelius Borck
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Medizingeschichte und Wissenschaftsforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/274589745?language=en
• 关键词: Accelerator; technology; particle; therapy; Germany

The aim of the project is the historical analysis of a therapeutical concept of immediate interest in the present, the treatment of cancer by particle therapy, and the concomitant research technology, the accelerator technology. The objects of research are the developments leading to the current actuality and the technological realization of particle therapy. They are scrutinized from the perspective of history of science and technology. The project considers state-funded research (Universities, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institutes, Max-Planck-Institutes, major research institutions) and industrial research, analyzes the structure of its cooperativity and the strategies leading to the implementation of a large-scale technology developed and applied by high-energy physics in a dedicated subdiscipline of medicine, the radiooncology. From a technical point of view, accelerators, like betatrons, cyclotrons, linear accelerators and synchrotrons, are the objects of interest. In connection with medical applications developments in neighbouring subjects, like computer-, vacuum- and high frequency technology will be integrated in the study. With regard to radiooncology, we distinguish three periods of development: 1. background and early period of technological establishment (1895-ca. 1955), 2. a period of implementation of compact therapy systems (1955-1980), and 3. a period of complex therapy facilities (from 1980 to the present day). Starting point of the study is the work of Rolf Wideröe on the first properly functioning double-stage linear accelerator (1928) and his theoretical considerations about circular accelerators. Finally the establishment of the first combined proton and heavy ion therapy facility in Europe in Heidelberg and the problems and failure of similar units in Marburg and Kiel are the objects of interest. To cope with the complexity of the concept particle therapy, the object of investigation is represented in terms of five narratives: I. X-rays and electron therapy, II. Fast neutrons: From Berkeley to London to Heidelberg, III. Proton therapy: A new chance for cancer therapy, IV. Exotic particles: antimatter and pi-mesons for radiotherapy, V. Heavy ions: GSI, HIT, Siemens, Marburg and Kiel.

该项目的目的是对目前直接感兴趣的治疗概念进行历史分析，通过粒子疗法治疗癌症，以及伴随的研究技术，加速器技术。研究对象是导致粒子治疗现状和技术实现的发展。从科学技术史的角度对它们进行了审视。该项目考虑了国家资助的研究（大学，Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institutes，Max-Planck-Institutes，主要研究机构）和工业研究，分析了其合作性的结构以及导致实施高能物理在医学专门子学科中开发和应用的大规模技术的战略，放射肿瘤学。从技术的角度来看，加速器，如电子感应加速器，回旋加速器，直线加速器和同步加速器，是感兴趣的对象。在医疗应用方面，邻近学科的发展，如计算机，真空和高频技术将被纳入研究。关于放射肿瘤学，我们区分三个发展阶段：1。技术建立的背景和早期（1895-ca.（1955年），2.紧凑型治疗系统的实施时期（1955-1980），以及3.综合治疗设施时期（1980年至今）。本研究的出发点是罗尔夫·威德罗（Rolf Wideröe）在第一个正常工作的双级线性加速器（1928年）上的工作，以及他对圆形加速器的理论思考。最后，在海德堡建立了欧洲第一个质子和重离子联合治疗装置，以及在马尔堡和基尔建立的类似装置的问题和失败是感兴趣的对象。科普粒子治疗概念的复杂性，本文将研究对象分为五种叙述：一、粒子治疗的概念; X射线和电子治疗，2。快中子：从伯克利到伦敦再到海德堡。质子治疗：癌症治疗的新机会，IV。奇异粒子：放射治疗用的反物质和π介子，五、重离子：GSI、HIT、西门子、马尔堡和基尔。