Development on the Instrument Simultaneously Measuring Accommodation, Vergence and Pupil size of the Human eye

人眼的调节、聚散和瞳孔运动相互关联，这一现象被称为“三合一系统”，对准确的视觉信息输入起着重要作用。本课题的目的是研制一种实用的系统，对调节、聚散和瞳孔大小进行实时、动态的测量。为了实时、动态地测量上述三种运动，我们研究了在会聚或发散时测量眼睛调节的机理，为了解决这个问题，我们必须使视力计的光轴与人眼的视轴重合。为此，我们设计了一种用光电方法检测眼球运动，并通过闭环光电伺服系统补偿视轴与光轴差的仪器。通过这种仪器，我们可以实际测量在聚散调节。在此基础上，我们研制了一套由视力计、视锐度跟踪仪和电子瞳孔计组成的系统。该系统的主要性能是：1.在眼动50 °范围内，调节测量的准确度为0.4屈光度。2.利用该系统，我们成功地测量了人眼在真实的目标刺激条件下的三种反应。因此，我们认为该系统是一个有用的设备，在未来的眼科视功能检查。

Accommodation, vergence and pupil movement of the human eye are related to each other, and this phenomenon is called a triad system which plays an important role to input accurate visual informations.The purpose of this project is to develope a practical system, in which accommodation, vergence and pupil size are measured simultaneouly and dynamically.In order to measure the above three movements simultaneouly and dynamically, we had study the mechanism to measure accommodation of the eye during convergence or divergence.To solve this problem, we had to make coincide the optical axis of an optometer with the visual axis of the human eye. Therefore we designed an instrument which detects the eye movement with the electro-optical method and conpensates the difference between the optical axis and the visual axis by a closed-loop electro-optical servo-system. By this instrument we could practically measure accommodation during vergence. We call this instrument a vergence tracking instrument.And then we developed the system, which was consisted of optometer, vergence tracking instrument and electric pupilometer. The main perfomances of this system were;1.The accuracy of accommodation measurement was 0.4 diopters within a range of 50 degree of eye movement. 2.The response of vergence tracking had a maximum rotary rate of 100 degree/sec.Using this system,we has simultaneouly measured the three responses of the human eye binocularly in condition of the real target stimuli. Therefore we concluded that this system could be a useful apparatus for examination of visual function in ophthalomology in future.