The longitudinal survey of a changing process of informal relations and attitudes of the single elderly

独居老年人非正式关系与态度变化过程的纵向调查

• 批准号: 03451029
• 负责人: SUGIOKA Naoto
• 金额: $ 2.43万
• 依托单位: HOKUSEI GAKUEN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03451029/
• 关键词: Single Elderly; Panel Survey; Informal Network; Longitudinal Survey; Lifestyle; Community Care; Family Care; Cross-cultural Study; コミュニティ ケア; ファミリー ケア; 社会関係; 生活意識; 家族意識

1. Changing patterns of informal relations and attitudesThe changing pattern of informal relations with the aging process can be found by means of the health conditions which shows the degree of independent living. From a viewpoint of norm of reprocity, if older people receive the help from their neighborhood after becoming frail, they sometimes may well feel a burden. Because they have no confidence to return the help from others. As a result they prefers their children to neighbors as a carer. Instead of the neighborhood relations, the family network has been strengthened, which means the children have attachments and the feeling of responsibility to take care of their older parent.2. The paradoxical environmental effects on informal relationsIt is natural that people in rural areas looks like to live in intimate and strong ties each other. They, however sometimes try to avoid to receive the help from neighbors to keep good relations. That is why they have smaller contacts than we ex … More pect. They are satisfied with small interactions because they can share a feeling of safety that they can expect any help in emergency. On the contrary in a urban area people can choose their neighbors, where they can control their intimate relations upon their responsibilities. But we cannot expect that they will take care of themselves each other with feeling of safety. In fact most people in the urban areas are likely to choose formal help more than informal help.3. The necessity and possibility of cross-cultural studyThere is a technical difficulty to interpret social behaviors when we try a comparative study under the different family systems, namely between the nuclear family system and the stem family system. But as far as we will try the comparative study of the single elderly, it is easy to control the conditions for the cross-cultural study. Additionally with creeping up the divorce rate of the elderly in the developed industrial countries, the rate of single elderly people is going up even if in Japan the rate shows a rapid increase. The comparative study of the single elderly will get a fruitful findings how they can make a choice and contact with their informal ties. Less

1.非正式关系和态度的变化模式非正式关系随着老龄化进程的变化模式可以通过显示独立生活程度的健康状况来发现。从回报规范的角度来看，如果老年人在身体虚弱后接受邻居的帮助，他们有时会感到负担。因为他们没有信心回报别人的帮助。因此，他们更喜欢自己的孩子，而不是邻居作为照顾者。家庭网络得到加强，而不是邻里关系，这意味着孩子们有依恋和照顾年长父母的责任感。环境对非正式关系的悖论性影响农村地区的人们看起来很自然地生活在亲密和牢固的关系中。然而，他们有时会试图避免接受邻居的帮助，以保持良好的关系。这就是为什么他们的联系人比我们的要少。 ...更多信息 部分。他们对小的互动感到满意，因为他们可以分享一种安全感，他们可以期待在紧急情况下得到任何帮助。相反，在城市地区，人们可以选择他们的邻居，在那里他们可以根据自己的责任来控制他们的亲密关系。但我们不能指望他们会互相照顾，感到安全。事实上，大多数城市居民更倾向于选择正式帮助而非非正式帮助.三、跨文化研究的必要性和可能性在不同的家庭制度下，即核心家庭制度和主干家庭制度下，进行社会行为的比较研究，存在着技术上的困难。但就我们将尝试对单身老人进行比较研究而言，跨文化研究的条件很容易控制。此外，随着发达工业国家老年人离婚率的上升，单身老年人的比例也在上升，即使在日本，这一比例也在迅速上升。通过对单身老年人的比较研究，可以得出他们如何选择和接触非正式关系的有益结论。少

项目成果

杉岡 直人: "一人暮らしの高齢者の生活意識と社会関係の変化" 北星論集(文). 30. (1993)

杉冈直人：“独居老人的生活意识和社会关系的变化”北星论集（正文）30。（1993）。

杉岡 直人: "高齢者の家族関係ー国際比較研究ー" ミネルヴァ書房, 300 (1994)

杉冈直人：《老年人的家庭关系——国际比较研究》Minerva Shobo，300（1994）