YOUTH DEVELOPMENT IN THE TRIAD OF <<FAMILY-SCHOOL-WORK>>

在当代日本，有一句格言将赋予人的生活以意义：如果你能进入一所好学校，你就可以在一家好公司获得一个职位，然后你就可以和家人舒适地生活在一起。自20世纪60年代以来，它一直占据主导地位，但今天日本人，特别是女性，展示了一些反对这一点的替代方案。由于家庭、学校和工作是“公民社会”的组成部分，通过家庭-学校-工作三位一体的另类价值观意味着日本公民社会的品质正在发生深刻的变化。至于基于访谈法的社会学研究，我们假设两个条件：1)三个地区的区域比较，即札幌市(北海道大都市，人口170万)、小田市(札幌附近的工业和地方城市，人口16万)和共同市场(札幌和小田附近的农业文化区，人口3500人)。2)社会阶层的比较，即札幌市的新中产阶级、小太郎的工人阶级和共同市场的农民等。在这些地区，我们对初中生、他们的母亲和老师进行了上述座右铭的访谈。这句话的意思是：年龄在35岁到45岁之间的母亲心中肯定没有这句格言。他说：他们中的大多数人都决定不要求自己的孩子努力工作。3：我们没有发现不同社会阶层的这一趋势有差异。相反，小学生的母亲有另一种格言，特别是从“愉快的生活”开始，以“愉快的朋友和职业”为支撑。高中的入口(小太郎和共同市场)或大学的入口(札幌)就是为了这个目的。他说：然而，我们在“宜人”的生活中找不到普遍的美德，所以我们必须研究日本人的道德。

In contemporary Japan there is one "motto" that will give meaning to one's life : If you can enter to a good school, you can obtain a position in a good company, and then you can live comfortably with your family. It's been dominant since the 1960s, but today Japanese people especially women show some alternatives against this. As families, schools and works are components of "Civil Society", alternative values through the triad (family-school-work) means that the quality of Japanese civil society is changing now profoundly. It is our hypothesis to successive researches.As for sociological researches based on interview method, we postulate two conditions : 1) the regional comparison between three areas, that is Sapporo-city (metropolis in Hokkaido, of 1,700,000 people), Otaru-city (industrial & local city of 160,000 people neighboring to Sapporo) and Kyogoku-town (agri-cultural area of 3,500 people neighboring to Sapporo and Otaru). 2) the comparison of social stratifications, i.e.new middle class at Sapporo, working class at Otaru and farmers etc. at Kyogoku. In these areas we interviewed to junior-high-school pupils, their mother and teachers for the above motto.Conclusions. 1 : mothers age from 35 to 45 definitely not have the dominant motto in mind. 2 : Most of them determines not to demand hard works to their children. 3 : We found no differences with this tendency among social stratifications. 4 : On the contrary young pupil's mothers have alternative motto, especially starting from "the agreeable life", sustained by" the agreeable friend and occupation". The entrance to the senior-high-school (at Otaru and Kyogoku) or to the university (at Sapporo) is for this aim. 5 : Yet we can't find universal virtues in "these agreeable" life, so we must study the morality of Japanese people.