Exposure of general Japanese population to cadmium and lead : A risk evaluation

日本普通民众接触镉和铅的情况：风险评估

• 批准号: 06454228
• 负责人: IKEDA Masayuki
• 金额: $ 4.67万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06454228/
• 关键词: Cadmium in blood; Lead in blood; Dietary intake; Health risk; Japan; Urinary low-molecular-weight protein; α_1-ミクログロブリン; β_2-ミクログロブリン; レチノール結合蛋白; 一般人工; カドミウム; 鉛; 環境汚染; 健康影響; 曝露評価

A nation-wide survey was conducted in 1990s in 19 sites in Japan as a follow-up of a preceding study conducted in 1980s. Altogether 467 women volunteered for blood sampling, of whom 375 subjects offered 24-hour total food duplicate samples in addition. Geometric mean (GM) cadmium in blood (Cd-B) in 1990s (1.98 ng/ml) were lower than Cd-B in 1980s (3.58 ng/ml), and Cd in food duplicates (Cd-F) was also lower in 1990s (30.0 ug/day) than in 1980s (38.0 ug/day). Lead in blood (Pb-B) and food (Pb-F) were 23.2 ng/ml and 7.1 ug/day in 1990s, being lower than the values for 1980s (33.9 ng/ml) and 32.2 ug/day). The observation shows a reduced Cd and Pb burden among general Japanese population. In a subsequent study, three urinary low-molecular-weight proteins of alpha_1-microglobulin (alpha_1-MG), beta_2-microglobulin (beta_2-MG) and retinol binding protein (RBP) were studied in 378 women in addition to Cd-F,Cd-B and cadmium in urine (Cd-U). When the subjects were classified into three groups of low (20.4 ug/day), middle (35.0 ug/day) and high (67.0 ug/day) Cd-F levels, there was no dose-dependent increase in alpha_--MG,beta_2-MG or RBP,although Cd-B and Cd-U increased in response to higher Cd-F.Thus it is prudent to conclude that no apparent Cd-induced kidney dysfunction could be detected among the general populations in Japan.

20世纪90年代在日本19个地点进行了一次全国范围的调查，作为20世纪80年代进行的前一项研究的后续行动。共有467名女性自愿抽血，其中375名受试者还提供了24小时全天食物样本。90年代血中Cd-B的几何平均值(1.98 ng/ml)低于80年代的Cd-B(3.58 ng/ml)，食物中Cd-F的几何平均值(Cd-F)也低于80年代的38.0 ug/d。90年代血铅(PbB)和食物铅(PbF)分别为23.2 ng/ml和7.1ug/d，低于1980年代的33.9 ng/ml和32.2ug/d。观察表明，日本普通人群中的Cd和Pb负担有所减少。在随后的研究中，我们检测了378例女性尿中α_1-微球蛋白(α_1-MG)、β_2-微球蛋白(β_2-MG)和视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)三种低分子蛋白，以及尿镉、镉和镉。将受试者分为低(20.4ug/天)、中(35.0ug/天)和高(67.0ug/天)三组时，α-MG、β_2-MG或RBP没有剂量依赖性增加，而CD-B和CD-U则随Cd-F升高而增加。因此，谨慎地得出结论，在日本一般人群中未检测到明显的镉致肾功能障碍。

项目成果

T.Watanabe, H.Nakatsuka, S.Shimbo, O.Iwami, Y.Imai, C.-S.Moon, Z.-W.Zhang and M.Ikeda: "Reduced cadmium and lead burden in past 10 years in Japan" Int Arch Occup Environ Health. (in press).

T.Watanabe、H.Nakatsuka、S.Shimbo、O.Iwami、Y.Imai、C.-S.Moon、Z.-W.Zhang 和 M.Ikeda：“过去 10 年日本减少了镉和铅负担

T. Watanabe, et al.: "Reduced cadmium and lead burden in past 10 years in Japan" Int Arch Occup Environ Health. in press (1996)

T. Watanabe 等人：“过去 10 年日本镉和铅的负担有所减少”Int Arch Occup Environ Health。

M. Ikeda, et al: "Urinary α_1-microglobulin,β_2-microglobulin, and RBP levels in" Environ Res. in press (1996)

M. Ikeda 等人：“Environ Res 中的尿液 α_1-微球蛋白、β_2-微球蛋白和 RBP 水平”（1996 年）。

M.Ikeda, C.-S.Moon, Z.-W.Zhang, H.Iguchi, T.Watanabe, O.Iwami, Y.Imai and S.Shimbo: "Urinary alpha_1-microglobuin, beta_2-microglobulin ; and RBP levels in general populations in Japan with references to cadmium in urine, blood and 24-hour food duplicates

M.Ikeda、C.-S.Moon、Z.-W.Zhang、H.Iguchi、T.Watanabe、O.Iwami、Y.Imai 和 S.Shimbo：“尿 α_1-微球蛋白、β_2-微球蛋白；和 RBP

M. Ikeda, et al.: "Urinary α_1-microglobulin, β_2-microglobulin, and RBP levels・・・" Environ Res. in press (1996)

M. Ikeda 等人：“尿液 α_1-微球蛋白、β_2-微球蛋白和 RBP 水平......”Environ Res 出版（1996 年）。