STUDIES ON THE USEFULNESS OF SALIVA TO DETECT ANTIBODIES AGAINST HIV IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEACH

流行病学研究中唾液检测 HIV 抗体的有用性研究

• 批准号: 06454241
• 负责人: SODA Kenji
• 金额: $ 3.33万
• 依托单位: YOKOHAMA CITY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06454241/
• 关键词: SALIVA; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY; HIV; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS; SALIVARY IgG ANTIBODY; ABC-ELISA METHOD; AIDS; HIV抗体; ELISA法; CD4; CD8

Collection of blood specimens in epidemiological studies has disadvantages that is the procedure with painful, requirement of medically trained personnel and the sterilized disposable syringes. It has been reported that antibodies to HIV-1 could be detected in saliva of patients with AIDS.We studied whether saliva is potentially useful for screening of HIV-1 infected person.Pairs of serum and saliva were collected from both 32 HIV-1 seropositive outpatients of AIDS clinic in our hospital and 9 controls. Multiple saliva collection was done from seropositives periodically for 8 months after the first sampling. Serum and saliva were tested with ELISA and Western blot (WB) methods by using kits of Diagnostics Pasteur (ELAVIA MIXT and LAV Blot-1).All pairs of serum and saliva from controls were clearly negative by ELISA.Thirty-two sera of proven seropositive cases and paired 30 saliva samples were confirmed to be positive in ELISA test employed, but O.D.value of 1 saliva sample was below th … More e cut-off level. However, in the follow-up study, samples taken from the same individuals after the first sampling showed positive results. Thirty saliva samples from seropositives were served for the WB test. Clearly positive bands were observed in 21 samples. In each of the remaining 9 samples, the final decision was "indeterminate" , although a strong reactive band was observed at GP-160. The results mentioned above suggested that saliva was useful for screening of antibodies to HIV-1 in epidemiological studies, though it is necessary to improve the sensitivity of ELISA and WB for tests of saliva.We established a sensitive ELISA method (ABC-ELISA) to detect the antibodies against herpes simplex virus (HSV) in saliva, and observed the prevalence among healthy students and female bath-house workers. Specimens of saliva were collected from 213 healthy students of nurse school, and 191 female bath-house workers. Saliva specimens were diluted 1 : 10 for ABC-ELISA.The biotinylated antibody against human lgG and avidin biotin complex were purchased from Vector (Burlingame, Calif.U.S.A).The prevalence of HSV antibody in saliva among female bath-house workers was 84.3% (161/191, `92-survey) and 94.9%(129/136, `94-survey). The positive rates of HSV antibody by age were 65% in the 20-29 age group, 89% in the 30-39 age group and 94% in the *40 age group in `92-survey. The prevalence of HSV antibody in saliva among the youngest bath-house worker group was significantly higher than that of nurse students (43.5%). It can be considerable from the data on HSV prevalence that the bath-house workers in high risk group on HSV transmission. Though it is necessary to improve sensitivity of ABC-ELISA method for testing of saliva, the mentioned results suggested that saliva was useful for detection of antibodies to HSV in epidemiological studies. Less

流行病学研究中采集血液标本的缺点是过程痛苦，需要经过医学培训的人员和一次性消毒的注射器。据报道，在艾滋病患者的唾液中可以检测到HIV-1抗体。我们研究了唾液是否对HIV-1感染者的筛查有潜在的用处。采集我院艾滋病门诊32例HIV-1血清阳性患者和9例对照患者的血清和唾液。在第一次采样后的8个月内，定期对血清阳性患者进行多次唾液采集。采用巴氏诊断试剂盒（ELAVIA MIXT和LAV blot -1），采用ELISA和Western blot （WB）方法检测血清和唾液。对照组血清和唾液检测结果均为阴性。经ELISA检测，32例血清阳性患者血清及配对的30份唾液样本均呈阳性，但1份唾液样本的od值低于临界值。然而，在后续研究中，在第一次采样后从同一个人身上采集的样本显示出阳性结果。30例血清阳性患者的唾液样本用于WB检测。在21份样品中观察到明显阳性条带。在其余9个样品中，尽管在GP-160处观察到强烈的反应带，但最终决定都是“不确定的”。上述结果提示，在流行病学研究中，唾液可用于筛选HIV-1抗体，但需要提高ELISA和WB对唾液检测的敏感性。建立了一种检测唾液中单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）抗体的ELISA方法（ABC-ELISA），并观察了健康学生和女澡房工作人员唾液中单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）抗体的流行情况。对213名健康护士学校学生和191名女澡堂工作人员进行唾液检测。唾液标本以1:10稀释进行ABC-ELISA。抗人lgG和亲和素生物素复合物的生物素化抗体购自Vector公司（Burlingame, california . usa）。女性澡堂工作人员唾液HSV抗体阳性率分别为84.3%（161/191,1992）和94.9%（129/136,1994）。1992年调查中，20 ~ 29岁年龄组HSV抗体阳性率为65%，30 ~ 39岁年龄组阳性率为89%，*40岁年龄组阳性率为94%。最年轻澡堂工人组唾液HSV抗体阳性率明显高于护生组（43.5%）。从HSV流行数据可以看出，澡堂工作人员是HSV传播的高危人群。虽然ABC-ELISA法检测唾液的敏感性有待提高，但上述结果提示，唾液在流行病学研究中检测HSV抗体是有用的。少