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A study of movement of body center of gravity in chimpanzee: a model of acquiring process of human bipedalism.

黑猩猩身体重心运动的研究：人类双足行走习得过程的模型。

基本信息

批准号：
62480026
负责人：
KIMURA Tasuku
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62480026/
关键词：
Bipedal walking Chimpanzee Center of gravity Acceleration Force plate Telemetry ヒト

项目摘要

The decelopment of the movement of the body center of gravity was measured on the five bipedal chimpanzees from the zero-year-old infant to the adult in order to study the aquiring process of the erect bipedal walking in the humans. The telemetrical accelerometer and the force plate techniques were applied to measure the acceleration of the body center of gravity. The velocity and the displacement were calculated from the acceleration. The results were compared with human bipedal walking. In the vertical displacement of human walking, the center of gravity of the body is high during the single stance phase and low during the souble stance phase. The human type movement of the body center economizes the energy expenditure. In the chimpanzee the human type movement started already from the two-year-old infant and it was frequently observed at four years of age. In the transverse switchover pattern of the center of gravity from one foot to the other, the chimpanzees were different from the humans. The sagittal displacement of the center of gravity showed the difference between the chimpanzees and the humans. These differences were related with the posture. In the aquisition of human bipedalism, these postural influence must have been exercised. The position of the body center of gravity in the static posture was measured on the infant chimpanzee from four to six years of age. In the bipedal posture with both upperlimbs extended downward, the body center of gravity situated around the ventral side of the level of the iliac crest.

为研究人类直立行走的获得过程，对5只黑猩猩从0岁婴儿到成年的身体重心运动进行了测量。采用遥测加速度计和测力板技术测量人体重心加速度。由加速度计算出速度和位移。并与人类双足步行的结果进行了比较。在人体步行的垂直位移过程中，人体重心在单站阶段较高，在双站阶段较低。人体中心的人性化运动，节省能量消耗。在黑猩猩中，人类类型的运动已经从两岁的婴儿开始，并且经常在四岁时观察到。在重心从一只脚到另一只脚的横向移动模式中，黑猩猩与人类不同。重心的矢状位移显示了黑猩猩和人类的差异。这些差异与体位有关。在人类两足行走的习得过程中，这些姿势的影响一定已经被运用了。对4 ~ 6岁的黑猩猩幼崽进行静态姿势下的身体重心位置测量。在双上肢向下伸展的两足姿势中，身体重心位于髂嵴水平的腹侧附近。