权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

The Evolution of TwoーTomb System and the Kinship ーーThe Case of Sugashima, Mie Prefecture ーー

二人的演变 - 坟墓制度与亲属关系 - 以三重县菅岛为例 -

基本信息

批准号：
63450044
负责人：
TANAKA Masako
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Ochanomizu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63450044/
关键词：
ryobosei, or twoーtomb system ancestor worship bon festival for the dead Kinship sprits of the dead village community ageーgrading.Sugashima 親族組織先祖供養祭祀空間年齢階梯家制度祖霊

项目摘要

Sugashima is one of the areas where ryobosei (twoーtomb system) is still observed, in which for each individual dead a burial ground (umebaka) and a separate memorial site (mairiーbaka) are maintained for various ceremonial purposes. The aim of the research was (1) to find out the significance and the function of the two memorial sites, both of which are called haka (or ーbaka) ; and (2) to investigate the relationship between such mortuary system and the kinship system.Some of the findings are as follows :1) The spatial distribution of household lots in both memorial sites and kinship system coincide in lack of clear patrilineal descent principle.2) The community's religious functions are carried out by several groups and individuals who are recruited mainly on principles of age and sex.3) At the mid-summer bon festival for the dead, the household, bilateral kindred, and the village as a whole participate in different ways on different levels, making up as a whole a complex, monthーlong memorial services for the dead. The occasion demonstrates symbolically the unity of tnis fishing village.4) Through the detailed information we have gathered regarding the two memorial sites and the two village temples (one is now extant), as well as kinship and ceremonial details, we may now reexamine the nature of Japanese 'ancestors' and 'ancestor worship'.

杉岛是仍保留两座坟墓的地区之一，每一个死者都有一个墓地（梅巴卡）和一个单独的纪念地（mairi梅巴卡），用于各种仪式目的。本研究的目的是：（1）了解这两个被称为哈卡的纪念地的意义和功能（2）探讨这种丧葬制度与亲属制度之间的关系。1）纪念地和亲属制度中的田块空间分布重合，缺乏明确的父系血统原则。2）社区的宗教职能由几个团体和个人履行，他们主要根据年龄和性别原则招募。3）在仲夏节为死者、家庭、双边亲属、整个村庄以不同的方式、不同的层次参与，组成了一个复杂的、长达一个月的祭奠活动。4）通过我们收集的关于两个纪念场所和两个村庄寺庙（其中一个现存）的详细信息，以及亲属关系和仪式细节，我们现在可以重新审视日本人的“祖先”和“祖先崇拜”的本质。