RESOCIALIZATION INTO SPORT OF THE MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY

21世纪的日本，随着老年人数量的不断增加，“积极生活方式”已成为一个重要的社会问题。摘要本研究旨在探讨中老年人运动再社会化的过程。对1992年全国老年运动会的304名参加者和1993年全国体育康乐节的971名参加者进行了问卷调查。对获得的数据进行交叉表分析。1992年的研究表明，社会化进入体育的过程因体育的种类而异。连续性理论在网球运动员中得到证实，而再社会化理论在网球运动员中得到证实。连续性理论和再社会化理论也得到了门球运动员的支持。1993年的研究表明，与男性相比，中年女性更倾向于重新融入体育运动。研究发现，中年人积极参与体育运动对老年人积极的生活方式有显著影响。研究结果表明，中年人参与体育运动的退休前教育对老年人参与体育运动是有效的。此外，为中老年人提供合适的体育项目和活动，并提供便利的俱乐部或地点，有助于促进老年社会的体育发展。

With the increasing number of the elderly in the 21 century of Japan, "active lifestyle" has become an important social concern. The purpose of this study was to examine the process of resocialization into sport of the middle-aged and elderly. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to the 304 participants at the National Senior Games in 1992 and to the 971 participants at the National Sport and Recreation Festival in 1993. Cross-tabulation analyzes were conducted to the data obtained.The 1992 study indicated that socialization process into sport varied by the kind of sport. While continuity theory was supported by tennis playrs, resocialization theory was identified in petanque playrs. It was also found that continuity theory and resocialization theory were supported by gateball playrs. The 1993 study showed that resocialization into sport were seen more in middle-aged females than those of males. It was found that active involvement in sport during middle-aged made a significant influence upon the active lifestyle during the elderly.It was suggested that pre-retirenment education of sport participation during the middle-aged was effective for the sport involvement of the elderly. Furthermore, appropriate sport programs and events for the middle-aged and elderly with accessible clubs or locations were useful for sport promotion in the aged society.