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Flow of color and polarization information in insect visual system

昆虫视觉系统中的颜色和偏振信息流

基本信息

批准号：
06640885
负责人：
ARIKAWA Kentaro
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Yokohama City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06640885/
关键词：
vision color vision spectral receptors insect visual pigment cDNA butterfly in situ hybridization CDNA 偏光感覚複眼視葉

项目摘要

The ultimate goal of this study is to nuderstand how animals process sensory information in the brain. The specific aims are to reveal (1) the distribution pattern of five different types of spectral receptors in the ommatidial retinula of a butterfly Papilio xuthus electrophysiologically, (2) the projection pattern of these receptors in the visual center anatomically, (3) the primary structures of visual pigment molecules by cloning visual pigment-encoding mRNAs, and (4) the distribution pattern of the photoreceptors that express the cloned mRNAs by in situ hybridization.An ommatidium has nine photoreceptors (R1-9). R1-4 bear microvilli in the distal half of the ommatidium, whereas R5-8 have microvilli in the proximal half forming a rhabdom. R9 contributes to the rhabdom only at the base. By electrophysiology, we revealed that R1 and R2 are either UV,violet, or blue receptors, whereas R3 and R4 are all green type. R5-9 appeared to be green or red receptors.We then cloned three visual … More pigment-encoding mRNAs (Rh1-3. All consist of 379 amino acids, 72% of which are identical. We then carried out in situ hybridization. Probes were hybridized on 10um frozen sections of the retina. Each gave different hybridization pattern. The probe for Rh1 labeled only in the distal layr. The Rh2 probe labeled all ommatidia distally and some proximally. The Rh3 probe labeled some in proximally. The labeling patterns match with the electrophysiologically determined distribution of short-wavelength (UV,violet, or blue), green, and red receptors, respectively.In the proximal layr, green and red receptors appeared to exist in separate ommatidia. The distribution of the green and red types are rather random. Although the random distribution of different types of ommatidia is perhaps important for color vision, we still don't know its biological signficance. In the course of the present research we found some different phenomena that also indicate the randomness. Color of screening pigment in the photoreceptors and the fluorescence under UV are such examples. By studying the relationship between them, the function of the random organization of the retina will be elucidated. Less

这项研究的最终目标是了解动物是如何处理大脑中的感觉信息的。其具体目的是揭示(1)五种不同类型的光谱受体在蝴蝶小眼视网膜中的分布模式，(2)这些受体在视觉中心的解剖投影模式，(3)通过克隆视觉色素编码的mRNAs来揭示视觉色素分子的一级结构，(4)通过原位杂交揭示表达克隆的mRNAs的光受体的分布模式。R1-4在小眼远端有微绒毛，而R5-8在近半部有微绒毛形成纹状体。R9只对基地的狂犬病有贡献。通过电生理，我们发现，R1和R2是UV、紫色或蓝色受体，而R3和R4都是绿色型受体。R5-9似乎是绿色或红色的受体。然后我们克隆了三个视觉…更多编码色素的mRNAs(Rh1-3.它们都由379个氨基酸组成，其中72%是相同的。然后我们进行了原位杂交。在10微米的视网膜冰冻切片上杂交探针。每一种杂交方式都不同。Rh1的探针仅在远端层标记。Rh2探针标记所有远端小眼和部分近端小眼。Rh3探针在近端标记了一些。这些标记模式分别与电生理确定的短波(UV、紫色或蓝色)、绿色和红色受体的分布相匹配。在近端层，绿色和红色受体似乎分别存在于不同的小眼中。绿色和红色类型的分布具有较强的随机性。虽然不同类型小眼的随机分布对色觉可能是重要的，但我们仍然不知道它的生物学意义。在目前的研究过程中，我们发现了一些不同的现象，也表明了这种随机性。光感受器中屏蔽颜料的颜色和紫外光下的荧光就是这样的例子。通过研究它们之间的关系，将阐明视网膜随机组织的功能。较少