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Research of Nanotribology with Central Focuses on Carbon Nanotubes

以碳纳米管为中心的纳米摩擦学研究

基本信息

批准号：
16206019
负责人：
OHMAE Nobuo
金额：
$ 31.28万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate nanotribological properties of advanced carbon materials with focuses on carbon nanotube and further to guide the way of applying these materials to nano and micro machines, magnetic recording systems for the next generation and bio-nano devices. Analytical discussion was made from the results mainly obtained by atomic force microscopy both in air and in vacuum. New and unique tribological properties of carbon nanotubes can be written as: At μ Newton applied forces, carbon nanotubes provided null adhesion, whereassuperhigh friction coefficient of 10^0, exhibited little dependence on tip radius and hardness of the counter face, on sliding speed, and on humidity of environment, and showed no plowing and no wear. At mNewton applied forces, carbon nanotubes showed lowered friction coefficient of 10^<-1>, because of their deformed transformation into graphite sheet at the sliding interface, and at Newton applied forces, carbon nanotubes showed low friction coefficient of 10^<-2>, and predominant low friction coefficient resulted with a use of lubrication oil. Carbon nanotubes created self-assembled structure under friction processes, and are promising as nanolubricant in lubricating oil. At nNewton applied forces in ultrahigh vacuum, it is possible to distinguish van der Waals forces from π-π* interaction by selecting a material contacting with the single carbon nanotube. Onion like carbon showed low friction coefficient of 0.005 in UHV, and is also promising as low friction material usable both in vacuum and in oil. Fullerene C_<60> prepared by molecular beam epitaxy showed friction characteristics depending on applied forces. At nNewton applied forces, medium friction resulted, while over mNewton applied forces, high friction that caused interruption of motion occurred. Therefore, sling/stopping of nano and micro machines can be designed by effectively making use of nanotribological properties of these advanced carbon materials.

本研究的目的是研究以碳纳米管为核心的先进碳材料的纳米摩擦学性能，并进一步指导这些材料在纳米和微机械、下一代磁记录系统和生物纳米器件中的应用。对主要由原子力显微镜在空气和真空中获得的结果进行了分析讨论。碳纳米管新的独特的摩擦学性能可以写成：在μ牛顿作用力下，碳纳米管提供零粘着，而超高的摩擦系数为10^0，几乎不依赖于尖端半径和对端面的硬度、滑动速度和环境湿度，不表现出犁削和磨损。在牛顿作用力下，碳纳米管由于在滑动界面上变形为石墨片而表现出较低的摩擦系数10^&lt；-1&gt；；在牛顿作用力下，碳纳米管表现出较低的摩擦系数10^&lt；-2&gt；，并且由于使用了润滑油，摩擦系数更低。碳纳米管在摩擦过程中形成自组装结构，在润滑油中作为纳米润滑剂具有广阔的应用前景。在超高真空的牛顿作用力下，可以通过选择与单个碳纳米管接触的材料来区分范德华力和π-π*相互作用。洋葱状碳在超高压下表现出很低的摩擦系数，仅为0.005，在真空和油中都是很有前途的低摩擦材料。分子束外延法制备的富勒烯C_&lt；60&gt；表现出与作用力有关的摩擦特性。当n牛顿作用力时，产生中等摩擦，而当n牛顿作用力超过n牛顿作用力时，产生引起运动中断的高摩擦。因此，可以有效地利用这些先进碳材料的纳米摩擦学特性来设计纳米和微型机械的吊挂/止动。