Effects of change in natural environments in accordance with urbanization on population health

城市化带来的自然环境变化对人口健康的影响

• 批准号: 14370134
• 负责人: TAKANO Takehito
• 金额: $ 7.04万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14370134/
• 关键词: Health indicators; Urban Health; Natural environment; Remote sensing; Geographic information system; Cohort study; Urban ecosystem

Expansion of artificially designed components and decrease of natural environmental components have impact on health of the urban population in various forms. The aim of this study was to evaluate interrelationship between natural environment and health of the people in urban area by analyzing influence of natural environmental factors on physical and mental health, and changes in health status in association with the alteration of the capacity of natural environment in urban area.1.Influence of natural environmental factors on physical and mental health or urban residents.A system to assess community health needs by geographic information system (GIS) was developed. It was applied to the north-east Tokyo area and Shanghai, China. A large-scale household survey, in Hue, Vietnam, demonstrated the relationship between disease and injury patters of the people living on boats, disease prevention proficiency and urban sanitary environments. A surveillance system using GIS/GPS and remote sensing was developed to monitor alteration of urban ecosystem in accordance with the relocation of the capital city of Palau.2.Changes of health status in accordance with the alteration of the environmental capacity.A 5-year cohort study of 3144 urban senior citizens in Tokyo confirmed independent association of decrease of green space around one's residence and mortality. Examination of 712 urban children aged 3 to 5 showed reduction of outside-play was correlated with decline of health and well-being. A 3-year cohort study of 334 middle-aged men in Tokyo demonstrated health information seeking behavior was positively related to take positive action to improve health.The series of these analyses of urban environment and health shed light on health influences of decrease of natural environment in urban area. We proposed a framework to evaluate the relationship between natural environments and population health in the urban area.

人为设计成分的扩大和自然环境成分的减少，对城市人群的健康产生了不同形式的影响。通过分析自然环境因素对城市居民身心健康的影响，1.自然环境因素对城市居民身心健康的影响地理信息系统（GIS）的需求。它适用于东北东京地区和中国上海。在越南顺化进行的一项大规模家庭调查表明，生活在船上的人的疾病和伤害模式、疾病预防能力和城市卫生环境之间存在关系。2.健康状况随环境容量变化的变化。通过对东京3144名城市老年人进行为期5年的队列研究，证实了居住地周围绿色空间的减少与死亡率之间的独立关联。对712名3至5岁的城市儿童的调查显示，户外游戏的减少与健康和幸福感的下降有关。对东京334名中年男性进行的为期3年的队列研究表明，健康信息寻求行为与采取积极行动改善健康呈正相关，这些城市环境与健康的系列分析揭示了城市地区自然环境恶化对健康的影响。提出了一个评价城市自然环境与人群健康关系的框架。

项目成果

Visual localization of community health needs by composite health determinant indicators : formulation of evidence-based urban health policy.

通过综合健康决定指标对社区健康需求进行视觉定位：制定基于证据的城市健康政策。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Japanese Journal of Hygiene 59(2)
• 作者: Shi M.;Xu BH.;Azakami K.;Morikawa T.;Watanabe K.;Morimoto K.;Komatsu M.;Aoyama K.;Takeuchi T.;Nakamura K.
• 通讯作者: Nakamura K.

Visual localization of community health needs to rational decision-making in public health services

社区卫生可视化定位需要公共卫生服务理性决策

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Health and Place 9
• 作者: Kaneko Y;Takano T;Nakamura K
• 通讯作者: Nakamura K

Fukuda Y, Nakamura K, Takano T.: "Wide range of socio-economic factors associated with mortality among cities in Japan"Health Promotion International. (in press). (2004)

Fukuda Y、Nakamura K、Takano T.：“与日本城市死亡率相关的广泛社会经济因素”健康促进国际。

中村桂子: "健康決定要因複合指標による地域健康ニーズの空間分布分析:根拠に基づく健康政策支援技術"日本衛生学雑誌. 59(1). 208 (2004)

Keiko Nakamura：“使用健康决定因素的综合指标进行区域健康需求的空间分布分析：基于证据的健康政策支持技术”，《日本卫生杂志》59(1)。

Takano T, Nakamura K, Fukuda Y, Watanabe M, et al.: "Age-adjusted mortality and its association to variations in urban conditions in Shanghai"Health Policy. 61. 239-253 (2002)

Takano T、Nakamura K、Fukuda Y、Watanabe M 等：“年龄调整死亡率及其与上海城市条件变化的关系”卫生政策。